CAJ | 학술논문

基于1977、1993、2001和2005年4期Landsat遥感影像资料,选用面积、斑块数量、斑块平均大小、斑块面积标准差和面积加权平均斑块形状指数,对额济纳盆地景观空间格局的动态变化进行了分析.结果表明:乔木林面积持续减少,表现为绿洲外部及边缘的小斑块大量消失;灌木林在早期以斑块的萎缩和破碎化为主,随后因建群种演替为旱生生态型而趋于稳定,2001年后部分小斑块消失;草地在1977～1993年以小斑块的消失为主,1993～2001年以斑块的破碎化为主,2001年后斑块的团聚性增强,草地扩张;戈壁在1977～2001年斑块的破碎化程度增大,2001年后受草地恢复和巴丹吉林沙漠入侵的影响,总面积和斑块数量减少;沙地在研究期间持续扩张,1977～1993年表现为向植被的分散入侵,1993～2001年斑块的扩张和新小斑块的形成同步进行,2001年后以斑块的扩展和相互连通为主,团聚性增强.黑河输水量的变化是研究区景观空间格局动态变化的主要驱动力,在生态输水工程实施后,生态环境的恶化趋势得到了一定的扼制,但仍需采取措施提高输水的生态效果.
기우1977、1993、2001화2005년4기Landsat요감영상자료,선용면적、반괴수량、반괴평균대소、반괴면적표준차화면적가권평균반괴형상지수,대액제납분지경관공간격국적동태변화진행료분석.결과표명:교목림면적지속감소,표현위록주외부급변연적소반괴대량소실;관목림재조기이반괴적위축화파쇄화위주,수후인건군충연체위한생생태형이추우은정,2001년후부분소반괴소실;초지재1977～1993년이소반괴적소실위주,1993～2001년이반괴적파쇄화위주,2001년후반괴적단취성증강,초지확장;과벽재1977～2001년반괴적파쇄화정도증대,2001년후수초지회복화파단길림사막입침적영향,총면적화반괴수량감소;사지재연구기간지속확장,1977～1993년표현위향식피적분산입침,1993～2001년반괴적확장화신소반괴적형성동보진행,2001년후이반괴적확전화상호련통위주,단취성증강.흑하수수량적변화시연구구경관공간격국동태변화적주요구동력,재생태수수공정실시후,생태배경적악화추세득도료일정적액제,단잉수채취조시제고수수적생태효과.
Based on Landsat RS images obtained in 1977, 1993, 2001 and 2005, the dynamics of landscape pattern in Ejina Basin is studied using five common landscape indices. It is found that arbor woods degenerated continuously in the study period and presented spatially the disappearance of little parches in Gobi and the edge of oasis. Shrub woods showed resistance to water change due to high shrub species diversity, and kept relatively stable until 2001 after shrinkage and fragmentation of patches in the period of 1977-1993. The total area and spatial distribution of grassland changed successively with Heihe River flow, with the disappearance of little patches from 1977 to 1993, fragmentation of patches from 1993 to 2001, and aggregation of patches from 2001 to 2005. While the fragmentation degree of Gobi landscape increased from 1977 to 2001. However, the total area and patch numbers of Gobi declined since 2001 due to restoration of grassland and expansion of Badain Jaran Desert. The total area of sand land and size of individual dune increased continuously, presenting spatially the intrusion of dunes to vegetation dispersedly from 1977 to 1993, expanding to the existing patches and formation of new patches from 1993 to 2001, and connecting and aggregating the patches since 2001. The changes of Heihe River water transport to the basin is the major driving force of landscape pattern dynamics. Though deterioration of ecologic environment in Ejina Basin is taken under control owing to the establishment of water transport for ecologic usage, more measures should be adopted to improve the effect of water transport.