CAJ | 학술논문

本文用26个扩增效果好的微卫星分子标记分析了镜鲤（Cyprinus carpio L.）养殖亲本群体的遗传结构,指导其群体选育。本研究共检测到153个等位基因,片段大小为108~400 bp,平均等位基因数（A）5.8846个,平均有效等位基因数（Ne）2.8625个,平均观察杂合度（Ho）0.5063,平均期望杂合度（He）0.5602,平均多态信息含量（PIC）0.5292,表明该繁育群体处于较高的遗传多样性水平。用χ2检验和遗传偏离指数估计Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表明群体处于平衡状态,但在多个位点表现出杂合子缺失严重,显示出人工选择的痕迹。用PHYLIP3.6软件绘制基于Nei氏标准遗传距离的UPGMA聚类图,依据亲本个体间的遗传差异,以避免近亲交配为原则,建立最佳亲本配组体系,繁育获得2个选育群体,以常规群体繁育子代群体作为对照组,对子代群体的遗传结构及数量性状分析显示,选育群体保持了较高的遗传多样性水平,群体平均期望杂合度在0.5414~0.5449之间,其生长速度较对照群体快14.81%~63.71%。连续2年的生长实验证实,微卫星标记指导群体选育技术在保持群体的遗传多样性水平,避免近交衰退,快速建立优良种群方面具有一定的优势。
본문용26개확증효과호적미위성분자표기분석료경리（Cyprinus carpio L.）양식친본군체적유전결구,지도기군체선육。본연구공검측도153개등위기인,편단대소위108~400 bp,평균등위기인수（A）5.8846개,평균유효등위기인수（Ne）2.8625개,평균관찰잡합도（Ho）0.5063,평균기망잡합도（He）0.5602,평균다태신식함량（PIC）0.5292,표명해번육군체처우교고적유전다양성수평。용χ2검험화유전편리지수고계Hardy-Weinberg평형,표명군체처우평형상태,단재다개위점표현출잡합자결실엄중,현시출인공선택적흔적。용PHYLIP3.6연건회제기우Nei씨표준유전거리적UPGMA취류도,의거친본개체간적유전차이,이피면근친교배위원칙,건립최가친본배조체계,번육획득2개선육군체,이상규군체번육자대군체작위대조조,대자대군체적유전결구급수량성상분석현시,선육군체보지료교고적유전다양성수평,군체평균기망잡합도재0.5414~0.5449지간,기생장속도교대조군체쾌14.81%~63.71%。련속2년적생장실험증실,미위성표기지도군체선육기술재보지군체적유전다양성수평,피면근교쇠퇴,쾌속건립우량충군방면구유일정적우세。
In this paper,genetic structure of the broodstock of mirror carp（Cyprinus carpio L.） including 208 samples（106 females and 102 males） was analyzed using 26 microsatellite markers.Total 153 alleles ranging from 108 bp to 400 bp in size were screened and several genetic parameters were used to evaluate the parental population.There were 5.8846 alleles on average with the mean effective alleles of 2.8625.The mean observed heterozygosity value was found to be 0.5063 and the mean expected heterozygosity value of 0.5602.The mean value of polymorphism information content was 0.5292 in 26 microsatellite loci.The relatively high level of genetic diversity was statistically found in the breeding population.Although the population accorded with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by checking by χ2 test and genetic departure index,severe heterozygote deficit was shown to be derived from artificial selection in many loci.The genetic distance was varied from 0.0256 to 0.9943 among the individuals.A cluster gram was constructed based on UPGMA methods using PHYLIP 3.6 software package.Based on the map,two breeding groups were selected to breed offspring and the fry from the control population was reared from the total broodstock.The selective offspring populations showed relatively high genetic diversity with the average expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.5414 to 0.5449.In Addition,the selective offspring population had good growth,from 14.81% to 63.71% higher than that in the control population.The successive two year growth revealed that the microsatellite markers-assisted population selection could hold genetic diversity and avoid inbreeding.It is superior to construct a good growth population of the mirror carp.