CAJ | 학술논문

为了揭示ASCE和FAO56两种Penman-Monteith公式在计算小时参考作物腾发晕(ET_o)时的差异,开展了充分供水草坪草腾发量观测试验.基于自动气象站的小时气象数据和蒸渗仪试验结果,在对比两公式计算结果差异基础上,以实测的日草坪腾发量为标准评价了2种计算公式小时ET_o的日累积结果及以日的计算结果.结果表明:2种Penman-Monteith公式计算的小时ET_o结果存在一定差异,ET_o较高的时段差异也比较大.白天FAO56 Penman-Monteith公式的计算结果低于ASCE Penman-Monteith公式的计算结果,夜晚则正好相反,原因在于C_d取值的筹异.与实测日ET_o结果相比2种公式小时时段的ET_o结果的累积值误差均比较大,ASCE的改进并没有使Penman-Monteith在计算结果上取得实质性的改进,相比之下以日为时段的Penman-Monteith公式(ASCE同FAO56)取得了与实测结果最为一致的效果.进一步根据实测的小时ET_o数据以及更长序列的日ET_o实测结果,评价FAO56 Penman-Monteith和ASCE Penman-Monteith结果的地区适用性将是今后研究内容之一.
위료게시ASCE화FAO56량충Penman-Monteith공식재계산소시삼고작물등발훈(ET_o)시적차이,개전료충분공수초평초등발량관측시험.기우자동기상참적소시기상수거화증삼의시험결과,재대비량공식계산결과차이기출상,이실측적일초평등발량위표준평개료2충계산공식소시ET_o적일루적결과급이일적계산결과.결과표명:2충Penman-Monteith공식계산적소시ET_o결과존재일정차이,ET_o교고적시단차이야비교대.백천FAO56 Penman-Monteith공식적계산결과저우ASCE Penman-Monteith공식적계산결과,야만칙정호상반,원인재우C_d취치적주이.여실측일ET_o결과상비2충공식소시시단적ET_o결과적루적치오차균비교대,ASCE적개진병몰유사Penman-Monteith재계산결과상취득실질성적개진,상비지하이일위시단적Penman-Monteith공식(ASCE동FAO56)취득료여실측결과최위일치적효과.진일보근거실측적소시ET_o수거이급경장서렬적일ET_o실측결과,평개FAO56 Penman-Monteith화ASCE Penman-Monteith결과적지구괄용성장시금후연구내용지일.
In order to reveal the difference between hourly reference crop evapotranspiration(ET_o) calculated by FAO56Penman- Monteith equation and that by ASCE Penman-Monteith, as well as the 24-hour accumulated daily ET_o, well watered lysimeter experiment were carried out on turf grass. Hourly ET_o and 24-hour accumulated daily ET_o were calculated based on hourly meteorological data and evaluated by using daily observed grass evapotranspiration derived from well watered lysimeter experiment. There was a certain difference between ET_o calculated by FAO56Penman-Monteith equation and that by ASCE Penman-Monteith equation, and the difference was more significant when the ET_o values were relative higher. Hourly ET_o were tested to be lower for FAO56 Penman-Monteith equation than for ASCE Penman-Monteith equation in daytime, but just reversed at night. That was ascribed to the difference in C_d values.It was a pity to say that the equation mended by ASCE could not result in improvement in hourly ET_o calculation, when the 24-hour accumulated daily ET_o were compared with observed daily grass evapotranspiration. Daily ET_o calculated by Penman-Monteith equation based on meteorological data at daily time step were test to be the most consistent with that by lysimeter observed. Further evaluation of either FAO56 Penman-Monteith equation or ASCE Penman-Monteith equation was urgent in China, based on hourly or long series daily observed grass evapotranspiration.