CAJ | 학술논문

通过8周的生长实验研究了饲料中添加家蝇幼虫抗菌肽提取物对初始体质量为(13.86±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的生长性能、体成分及免疫相关指标的影响.家蝇抗菌肽提取物添加量分别为0、1 000mg/kg、2000mg/kg、3000mg/kg、4 000mg/kg、5 000mg/kg,每组饲料设4个承复,每个重复饲养40尾虾.结果显示,在一定添加水平范围内,家蝇抗菌肽能显著提高凡纳滨对虾成活率、增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率(P<0.05),当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2000～3 000mg/kg时,以上4个指标均达最高,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05).以增重率为评价指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中家蝇抗菌肽提取物的最适添加量为2 900 mg/kg.当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2 000～3 000 mg/kg时能显著提高虾体的粗蛋白和灰分含量,虾体粗脂肪不受添加抗菌肽水平的显著影响.添加2000～5 000mg/kg抗菌肽提取物组与对照组相比能显著提高对虾血细胞数量;添加3000mg/kg抗菌肽提取物时对虾血细胞吞噬率最高.当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2 000～3 000 mg/kg时,对虾血清中酚氧化酶PO、过氧化物酶POD、碱性磷酸酶AKP、溶菌酶LZM的活性和总抗氧化能力T-AOC均维持在一个较高的水平,且显著高于对照组;超氧化物歧化酶SOD的活性在各组组间差异不显著(P>0.05).肝胰腺中AKP、SOD、T-AOC活性各组间差异均不显著(P<0.05);LZM活性以3 000 mg/kg组最高,显著高于其他组.结果表明,饲料中添加适量的家蝇抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾有一定的促生长作用,并能提高对虾的免疫相关指标.
통과8주적생장실험연구료사료중첨가가승유충항균태제취물대초시체질량위(13.86±0.01)g적범납빈대하(Litopenaeus vannamei)적생장성능、체성분급면역상관지표적영향.가승항균태제취물첨가량분별위0、1 000mg/kg、2000mg/kg、3000mg/kg、4 000mg/kg、5 000mg/kg,매조사료설4개승복,매개중복사양40미하.결과현시,재일정첨가수평범위내,가승항균태능현저제고범납빈대하성활솔、증중솔、특정생장솔、사료효솔(P<0.05),당항균태제취물첨가량위2000～3 000mg/kg시,이상4개지표균체최고,차현저고우대조조(P<0.05).이증중솔위평개지표,범납빈대하사료중가승항균태제취물적최괄첨가량위2 900 mg/kg.당항균태제취물첨가량위2 000～3 000 mg/kg시능현저제고하체적조단백화회분함량,하체조지방불수첨가항균태수평적현저영향.첨가2000～5 000mg/kg항균태제취물조여대조조상비능현저제고대하혈세포수량;첨가3000mg/kg항균태제취물시대하혈세포탄서솔최고.당항균태제취물첨가량위2 000～3 000 mg/kg시,대하혈청중분양화매PO、과양화물매POD、감성린산매AKP、용균매LZM적활성화총항양화능력T-AOC균유지재일개교고적수평,차현저고우대조조;초양화물기화매SOD적활성재각조조간차이불현저(P>0.05).간이선중AKP、SOD、T-AOC활성각조간차이균불현저(P<0.05);LZM활성이3 000 mg/kg조최고,현저고우기타조.결과표명,사료중첨가괄량적가승항균태대범납빈대하유일정적촉생장작용,병능제고대하적면역상관지표.
An 8-week growth experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary effects of different levels of antibacterial peptides extractives from musca domestica (0, 1 000 mg/kg, 2 000 mg/kg, 3 000 mg/kg, 4 000 mg/kg, 5 000 mg/kg respectively) on growth performance and immune-related indicators of Litopenaeus vannamei with initial body weight (0.86±0.01)g. Each diet was fed to four replicates of 40 shrimps. The results showed that antibacterial peptides extractives of musca domestica could enhance survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei significantly (P<0.05). When antibacterial peptides extractives were at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg, the shrimps had the maximal survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency, which were significantly higher than those in control. By using the model based on WGR, an optimum dietary antibacterial peptides extractives level of 2 900 mg/kg was calculated. The shrimps fed on the diets with antibacterial peptides extractives at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg had significantly higher body crude protein content and body ash contents. The body crude lipid content was not significantly affected by the supplemental levels of antibacterial peptides extractives. The number of haemocytes in shrimp fed on the diets with antibacterial peptides extractives at 2 000-5 000 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of control. The highest phagocytic rate was obtained in the shrimps fed on the diet with antibacterial peptides extractives at 3 000 mg/kg. When antibacterial peptides extractives were at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg, the shrimps had a higher level in activities of PO, POD, AKP, LZM and T-AOC in serum. The activities of SOD in serum were not significantly different among all the groups (P>0.05). There were no significant difference among all the groups in the activities of AKP, SOD and T-AOC in hepatopancreas. The highest activities of LZM in hepatopancreas were obtained in shrimp fed on the diet with antibacterial peptides at 3 000 mg/kg, significantly higher than the others. The results suggested that the dietary supplementation of pertain level of antibacterial peptides extractives could improve the growth performance and immune-related indicators in Litopenaeus vannamei.