乡村卫生组织一体化管理政策研究和实践概述
향촌위생조직일체화관리정책연구화실천개술
Introduction to the Policy Study and Practice Concerning the Integrated Management of Rural Health Organizations
  • 万方数据
    中华医院管理杂志 중화의원관리잡지
    CHINESE JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION
    2001年 3期 133-138 ,共6页

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    卫生组织,乡村%一体化管理%政策 衛生組織,鄉村%一體化管理%政策
    위생조직,향촌%일체화관리%정책
    Health organization,rural area%Integrated management%Policy
    介绍《乡村卫生组织一体化管理政策研究和实践》项目的研究背景、目的、内容和主要方法，以及该政策思路在样本地区实施后的社会效果与影响。评价结果表明，乡村卫生组织一体化管理，能够缓解乡镇卫生院生存困境，能避免乡村两级卫生机构的恶性竞争并恢复协调，促使乡镇卫生院加强村卫生室的管理和建设，提高了村医素质，统一和规范了村卫生室和村医的进药渠道，村乡两级防保人员的数量和素质改善。一体化的效果与管理观念紧密相连，如管理不当，一体化的经济收益维持不了多久，村卫生室原有的“产权明晰、责任明确”的体制优势，以及有积极性较高、就医较方便、服务价格较低、服务态度较好等特点将会逐步丧失，居民就医经济负担加重，医疗服务的可及性下降。以医养防现象加重，重医轻防依旧存在。并提出了将一体化管理与村乡乃至县卫生机构的劳动人事、分配制度和改革相结合的建议。
    개소《향촌위생조직일체화관리정책연구화실천》항목적연구배경、목적、내용화주요방법，이급해정책사로재양본지구실시후적사회효과여영향。평개결과표명，향촌위생조직일체화관리，능구완해향진위생원생존곤경，능피면향촌량급위생궤구적악성경쟁병회복협조，촉사향진위생원가강촌위생실적관리화건설，제고료촌의소질，통일화규범료촌위생실화촌의적진약거도，촌향량급방보인원적수량화소질개선。일체화적효과여관리관념긴밀상련，여관리불당，일체화적경제수익유지불료다구，촌위생실원유적“산권명석、책임명학”적체제우세，이급유적겁성교고、취의교방편、복무개격교저、복무태도교호등특점장회축보상실，거민취의경제부담가중，의료복무적가급성하강。이의양방현상가중，중의경방의구존재。병제출료장일체화관리여촌향내지현위생궤구적노동인사、분배제도화개혁상결합적건의。
    The paper gives an account of the background, objective, content and major methods of the research project Policy Study and Practice Concerning the Integrated Management of Rural Health Organizations and discusses the social results and influence brought about by the implementation of the policies contained therein in sample areas. Evaluation of the results indicates that integrated management of rural health organizations can reduce the difficulties of survival as experienced by township hospitals, prevent vicious competitions between township and village health organizations and restore cooperation, and enable township hospitals to strengthen their supervision of village health stations. As a result, the quality of village doctors has been improved, the drug purchasing channels by village health stations and doctors have been standardized, and the number and quality of both village and township health workers have been enhanced. The effect of integrated management is closely related to the concept of management. Improper management will lead to the quick reduction of economic profits of integrated organizations; the gradual loss of such advantages in the system as “definite property rights and clear responsibilities” originally enjoyed by village health stations and such features as great enthusiasm, convenience in seeking medical treatment, low service prices, and good service manners; the increase of financial burdens on the part of citizens seeking medical help; and decrease of accessibility to medical services. The paper points out that the phenomenon of preveutive care relying upon medicaltreatment has worsened and the pheromenon of stressing medical treatment and belittling prevention still exists. It is suggested that integrated management be combined with the reform of personnel, distribution and institutional systems of health organizations at the village, township and even county levels.
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