CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究不同氮磷钾肥用量对棉花生长、产量及经济效益的影响,为棉花合理施肥提供科学依据.[方法]利用"3414"设计原理,在湖北省沙洋县布置田间试验,并运用数学模型对结果进行统计分析.[结果]施氮增加了棉花株高、果枝层数和成桃数;施磷对株高和果枝层数无显著影响,但明显增加了成桃数;施钾导致果枝层数有所减少,对株高无明显影响.施氮棉花增产943.2 kg/hm~2,增加纯收入3 567.6 元/ hm~2;施磷最高增产284.4 kg/hm~2,增加纯收入1 129.2 元/hm~2;施钾最高增产359.3 kg/hm~2,增加纯收入1 092.7元/hm~2.[结论]在该试验条件下,施氮效果最好,钾肥次之,施磷有一定增产增收效果;结合当地棉花生产实际,确定最佳氮磷钾施肥推荐用量分别为:N 193.5 kg/hm~2,P_2O_546.5 kg/hm~2,K_2O 132.0 kg/hm~2,由此得出最佳产量为3 741.0 kg/hm~2.
[목적]연구불동담린갑비용량대면화생장、산량급경제효익적영향,위면화합리시비제공과학의거.[방법]이용"3414"설계원리,재호북성사양현포치전간시험,병운용수학모형대결과진행통계분석.[결과]시담증가료면화주고、과지층수화성도수;시린대주고화과지층수무현저영향,단명현증가료성도수;시갑도치과지층수유소감소,대주고무명현영향.시담면화증산943.2 kg/hm~2,증가순수입3 567.6 원/ hm~2;시린최고증산284.4 kg/hm~2,증가순수입1 129.2 원/hm~2;시갑최고증산359.3 kg/hm~2,증가순수입1 092.7원/hm~2.[결론]재해시험조건하,시담효과최호,갑비차지,시린유일정증산증수효과;결합당지면화생산실제,학정최가담린갑시비추천용량분별위:N 193.5 kg/hm~2,P_2O_546.5 kg/hm~2,K_2O 132.0 kg/hm~2,유차득출최가산량위3 741.0 kg/hm~2.
[Objective] The aim of this research was to study the effects of N, P and K fertilization on cotton growth, yield and economic benefit in order to provide the scientific basis for the right fertilization of rape. [Method] Based on "3414" fertilizer experiment protocol, a field experiment was conducted in Shayang County of Hubei Province. The mathematical model to the test result was established to discover the best formula applying fertilizer. [Result] The results indicated that the application of N could increase the plant height, fruit bearing branches, and bolls. P fertilization increased bolls, but it had no effect on plant height and fruit bearing branches. The application of K led to the decreasing of fruit bearing branches, having significant effect on plant height. The highest increment of N, P and K were 943.2, 284.4 and 359.3 kg/hm~2 with the net income were 3 567.6, 1 129.2 and 1 092.7 yuan/ hm~2. [Conclusion] Under the experiment conditions, the effect of N fertilization was the best, the next was K, and P fertilization was the worst. According to the local cotton field production, the synthesis analysis decided that the best recommendation formula combination should be as follows:pure N 193.5 kg/hm~2, P_2O_5 46.5 kg/hm~2, K_2O 132.0 kg/hm~2. Under these conditions, the best yield was obtained as 3 741.0 kg/hm~2.