CAJ | 학술논문

为了从DNA分子水平揭示秦川牛群体遗传多态性和群体遗传结构,寻找可用于秦川牛的微卫星标记,本研究选择了12个普通牛(Bos taurus)微卫星标记检测了90头秦川母牛各微卫星位点的遗传变异及多态性.结果表明,在秦川母牛群体中,12个微卫星位点共检测到了247个等位基因,各位点的等位基因数在13(INRA005)～33个(HEL13)之间,平均每个微卫星位点的等位基因数为21个;总有效等位基因数和平均每个位点平均有效等位基因数(Ne)分别分为142.6229和11.8852.各位点平均基因频率取样方差(V (pij))为2.6036×10-4.12个微卫星位点平均观察杂合度(Ho)和平均期望杂合度(He)在0.7842(INRA005)～0.9775(BM315)和0.7952(BM315)～0.9446(HEL13)之间.12个位点平均多态信息含量(PIC)在0.7653(INRA005)～0.9420(HEL13)之间,平均为0.8965.12个微卫星位点均属于高度多态位点,这表明秦川母牛群体中所检测各微卫星位点具有丰富的遗传多态性,具备较大的选择潜力.12个微卫星位点的平均固定指数(F)为-0.0076,即各位点杂合子的缺陷度不高,即偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡的程度不大.
위료종DNA분자수평게시진천우군체유전다태성화군체유전결구,심조가용우진천우적미위성표기,본연구선택료12개보통우(Bos taurus)미위성표기검측료90두진천모우각미위성위점적유전변이급다태성.결과표명,재진천모우군체중,12개미위성위점공검측도료247개등위기인,각위점적등위기인수재13(INRA005)～33개(HEL13)지간,평균매개미위성위점적등위기인수위21개;총유효등위기인수화평균매개위점평균유효등위기인수(Ne)분별분위142.6229화11.8852.각위점평균기인빈솔취양방차(V (pij))위2.6036×10-4.12개미위성위점평균관찰잡합도(Ho)화평균기망잡합도(He)재0.7842(INRA005)～0.9775(BM315)화0.7952(BM315)～0.9446(HEL13)지간.12개위점평균다태신식함량(PIC)재0.7653(INRA005)～0.9420(HEL13)지간,평균위0.8965.12개미위성위점균속우고도다태위점,저표명진천모우군체중소검측각미위성위점구유봉부적유전다태성,구비교대적선택잠력.12개미위성위점적평균고정지수(F)위-0.0076,즉각위점잡합자적결함도불고,즉편리Hardy-Weinberg평형적정도불대.
To evaluate the genetic polymorphisms and to search for available molecular markers for Qinchuan cattle, 90 Qinchuan cows were genotyped with 12 microsatellite markers.A total of 247 alleles were detected, with the number of alleles ranging from 13 (INRA005) to 33 (HEL13), giving a mean number of 21 alleles per locus.The total and mean effective allele number were 142.6229 and 11.8852, respectively.Mean sampling variance of the allele frequency was 2.6036×10-4.Allele size ranges of the 12microsatellite loci were different.The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were from 0.7842 (INRA005) to 0.9775(BM315) and 0.7952 (BM315) to 0.9446 (HEL13), respectively.Mean observed heterozygosity and mean expected heterozygosity were 0.9117 and 0.9047, respectively.Polymorphism information content values were from 0.7653 (INRA005) to 0.9420 (HEL13),and mean polymorphism information content of the 12 microsatellite loci was 0.8965.All the 12 microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, which showed that there were rich genetic polymorphisms at these detected microsatellite loci in Qinchuan cows.At the 12 microsatellite loci, the mean fixation index was -0.0076, reflecting that the degree of heterozygote defect at these loci was not high and deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were not significant.