CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解太原市社区老年人听力损失人群分布特征,分析听力损失影响冈素.方法采用多级抽样方法,在太原市官地、朝阳两社区选取60岁以上社区老年人384名,进行听力损失的一般问卷调查.采集5 ml晨起空腹血进行血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇检测.采用GVSLN-TC-GK2000型听觉评估仪分别测两耳0.5、1、2、3、4、8 kHz听阈,取听力较好耳平均听阈(0.5、1、2 kHz听阈平均值),3、4、8 kHz听阈作为应变量;社会人口学资料、环境因素、生化指标为自变量,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行t检验、方差分析及累加logistic回归进行听力损失影响因素分析.结果老年人听力损失90.9%,听力残疾为78.6%,其中1.3%配带助听器.单因素分析结果显示:平均听阈及3、4、8 kHz听阈值在不同年龄、性别、文化程度、血糖、胆周醇组间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).累加logistic回归显示:除血糖仅纳人中低频组外,年龄、性别、文化程度、胆同醇均纳入各频段构建累加logistic回归模型.老年男性、高龄、高血糖、高胆固醇是听力损失危险因素,高文化程度是保护因素.结论听力损失在老年人群具有较高发生率.年龄、性别、文化程度、血糖、胆同醇与听力损失存在关联,预防高血糖、高血脂的发生对延缓听力损失有益.
목적 료해태원시사구노년인은력손실인군분포특정,분석은력손실영향강소.방법 채용다급추양방법,재태원시관지、조양량사구선취60세이상사구노년인384명,진행은력손실적일반문권조사.채집5 ml신기공복혈진행혈당、감유삼지화담고순검측.채용GVSLN-TC-GK2000형은각평고의분별측량이0.5、1、2、3、4、8 kHz은역,취은력교호이평균은역(0.5、1、2 kHz은역평균치),3、4、8 kHz은역작위응변량;사회인구학자료、배경인소、생화지표위자변량,채용SPSS 13.0연건진행t검험、방차분석급루가logistic회귀진행은력손실영향인소분석.결과 노년인은력손실90.9%,은력잔질위78.6%,기중1.3%배대조은기.단인소분석결과현시:평균은역급3、4、8 kHz은역치재불동년령、성별、문화정도、혈당、담주순조간적차이균유통계학의의(P<0.01).루가logistic회귀현시:제혈당부납인중저빈조외,년령、성별、문화정도、담동순균납입각빈단구건루가logistic회귀모형.노년남성、고령、고혈당、고담고순시은력손실위험인소,고문화정도시보호인소.결론 은력손실재노년인군구유교고발생솔.년령、성별、문화정도、혈당、담동순여은력손실존재관련,예방고혈당、고혈지적발생대연완은력손실유익.
Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors on hearing impairment among elderly population in the community of Taiyuan city. Methods 384 ageing people above 60 years old were selected from Chaoyang and Guandi community in Taiyuan city by multi-stage sampling. Data on influencing factors of hearing impairment were collected by questionnaire. 5 ml fasting blood samples were drawn to detect the level of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterin in the blood samples. All the objects were tested with binaural hearing. The level of binaural hearing threshold at 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz were measured by GVSLN-TC-GK2000 hearing-assistant evaluative apparatus. The level of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, average hearing threshold from ear with better audition was chosen as dependent variable. Socio-demographic data, environmental factors and biochemical indicator were chosen as independent variables, t test, ANOVA and accumulative logistic regression were performed to analyze the influencing factors on hearing impairment by software SPSS 13.0. Results The prevalence of hearing impairment among elderly population was 90.9%. The hearing disorder was 78.6% with 1.3% of them using hearing-assistant apparatus. Results from single factor analysis showed that the average levels of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz hearing thresholds were significantly different among elderly with different age, sex, education background and the levels of glucose and cholesterin (P<0.01). Results of accumulative logistics regression showed that except glucosein which was the only one included in regression model of lower median frequency group, all the others were included in regression model of frequency group. Being male, older age and with higher level of glucose and cholesterin in blood were risk factors causing hearing impairment. Higher education level seemed to be a preventive factor. Conclusion Hearing impairment appeared in higher prevalence among the elderly population, suggesting that proper measures should be taken. It is beneficial for abating hearing impairment to decrease the level of glucose and cholesterin in blood.