CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨心理因素与物理负荷的交互作用及其对职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的影响.方法选取653名来源于电子行业流水线作业、缝纫行业、制造行业的工人及行政管理人员作为调查对象.采用改良的北欧国家肌肉骨骼疾患标准调查表调查肌肉骨骼疾患情况,心理社会状况调查采用工作内容量表(JCQ),进行流行病学横断面调查,并应用快速暴露检查法(QEC)问卷对其进行工效学的物理负荷评价.结果不同暴露等级下,肩部、上背、下背、手/腕的肌肉骨骼疾患的年患病率的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),同时暴露在高的物理和心理负荷时,工作人员各部位的年患病率明显高于暴露在其他等级时的肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率.调整工龄、年龄、性别后,用logistics回归分析结果表明,在肩部、上背、下背和手/腕部的WMSDs影响中可能存在物理负荷和心理负荷的交互作用(P＜0.05).结论高物理负荷下,不良心理因素对工人WMSDs的发生造成的影响远大于工人处于低物理负荷工作时,实施工效学干预不仅要从过度负荷,不良姿势,静态负荷等物理因素方面进行干预来降低WMSD的发生,也要关注心理因素方面的干预.
목적 탐토심리인소여물리부하적교호작용급기대직업성기육골격질환(WMSDs)적영향.방법 선취653명래원우전자행업류수선작업、봉인행업、제조행업적공인급행정관리인원작위조사대상.채용개량적북구국가기육골격질환표준조사표조사기육골격질환정황,심리사회상황조사채용공작내용량표(JCQ),진행류행병학횡단면조사,병응용쾌속폭로검사법(QEC)문권대기진행공효학적물리부하평개.결과 불동폭로등급하,견부、상배、하배、수/완적기육골격질환적년환병솔적차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05혹P＜0.01),동시폭로재고적물리화심리부하시,공작인원각부위적년환병솔명현고우폭로재기타등급시적기육골격질환적환병솔.조정공령、년령、성별후,용logistics회귀분석결과표명,재견부、상배、하배화수/완부적WMSDs영향중가능존재물리부하화심리부하적교호작용(P＜0.05).결론 고물리부하하,불양심리인소대공인WMSDs적발생조성적영향원대우공인처우저물리부하공작시,실시공효학간예불부요종과도부하,불량자세,정태부하등물리인소방면진행간예래강저WMSD적발생,야요관주심리인소방면적간예.
Objective To investigate the interactive effect of job task and psychosocial factors on the outcomes of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods 653 workers from different type of manufacturing industries and administration office recruited in a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC) was applied to assess the ergonomic load of job task, Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) for identifying psychological characteristics, and Nordic Standardized Questionnaire for investigating outcomes of WMSDs.Results The prevalence of WMSD in shoulder, upper back, lower back and hand/wrist were significantly different under a variety of combined job task and psychosocial characteristics (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ). The more physical and psychological loads, the higher prevalence of WMSDs were revealed. By using multivariate analyses, a potential interactive effect was found in terms of the WMSDs symptoms in hand/wrist shoulder,upper back and lower back after adjusted by work year, age, and gender. Conclusions Higher physical load and greater psychosocial risk are more frequent self-reported symptoms of WMSDs than those of lower exposures. Ergonomic intervention strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of WMSDs should not only be focused on control of physical work factors but also psychosocial risks of relevance.