CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨中国儿童身高、体重生长规律及反映规律的简单数学模型.方法采用"2005年九市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查"及"2005年中国学生体质与健康调研"所获得的0～18岁儿童的身高、体重数据.0～6岁身高和体重曲线采用LMS法拟合,6～18岁数据采用三次样条函数平滑修匀和修正LMS法转换.生长速度根据生长曲线修匀后获得的数值计算产生.1～10岁儿童身高和体重的简单线性模型采用修匀后生长数据建立.结果 (1)我国儿童出生身长约50 cm,3、6、12、24月龄时约61、67、76、88 cm.2～10岁身高增长较为稳定,平均每年增长约6～7 cm.约3岁半和12岁时的身高分别达到出生时2倍和3倍.2～10岁估算公式:身高(cm)=年龄(岁)×6.5+76.(2)出生体重约3.3 kg.出生后第一个3个月生长速度最快,平均每月体重增加约1.0～1.1 kg;第二个3个月减慢一半,约0.5～0.6 kg,出生后第一年的后6个月又减慢一半,约0.25～0.30 kg.约3、12、24月龄时体重达到出生时的2、3、4倍.1～6岁、7～10岁体重基本呈匀速增加,平均每年分别增长2 kg和3 kg左右.1～6岁估算公式:体重(kg)=年龄(岁)×2+8,7～10岁:体重(kg)=年龄(岁)×3+2.结论针对临床实践的需要,总结不同年龄阶段身高、体重的增长规律,提供了0～18岁儿童身高和体重的生长速度参考值,同时对1～10岁儿童身高和体重估算公式进行修订.
목적 탐토중국인동신고、체중생장규률급반영규률적간단수학모형.방법 채용"2005년구시7세이하인동체격발육조사"급"2005년중국학생체질여건강조연"소획득적0～18세인동적신고、체중수거.0～6세신고화체중곡선채용LMS법의합,6～18세수거채용삼차양조함수평활수균화수정LMS법전환.생장속도근거생장곡선수균후획득적수치계산산생.1～10세인동신고화체중적간단선성모형채용수균후생장수거건립.결과 (1)아국인동출생신장약50 cm,3、6、12、24월령시약61、67、76、88 cm.2～10세신고증장교위은정,평균매년증장약6～7 cm.약3세반화12세시적신고분별체도출생시2배화3배.2～10세고산공식:신고(cm)=년령(세)×6.5+76.(2)출생체중약3.3 kg.출생후제일개3개월생장속도최쾌,평균매월체중증가약1.0～1.1 kg;제이개3개월감만일반,약0.5～0.6 kg,출생후제일년적후6개월우감만일반,약0.25～0.30 kg.약3、12、24월령시체중체도출생시적2、3、4배.1～6세、7～10세체중기본정균속증가,평균매년분별증장2 kg화3 kg좌우.1～6세고산공식:체중(kg)=년령(세)×2+8,7～10세:체중(kg)=년령(세)×3+2.결론 침대림상실천적수요,총결불동년령계단신고、체중적증장규률,제공료0～18세인동신고화체중적생장속도삼고치,동시대1～10세인동신고화체중고산공식진행수정.
Objective To explore the growth patterns and simple mathematic models of height and weight of Chinese children. Methods The original data had been obtained from two national representative cross-sectional surveys which were 2005 National Survey of Physical Development of Children (under 7 years of age) and 2005 Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health (6-18 years). Reference curves of height and weight of children under 7 years of age was constructed by LMS method, and data of children from 6 to 18 years of age were smoothed by cubic spline function and transformed by modified LMS procedure. Growth velocity was calculated by smoothed values of height and weight. Simple linear model was fitted for children 1 to 10 years of age, for which smoothed height and weight values were used. Results (1) Birth length of Chinese children was about 50 cm, average length 61 cm, 67 cm, 76 cm and 88 cm at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 24th month. Height gain was stable from 2 to 10 years of age, average 6-7 cm each year. Birth length doubles by 3.5 years, and triples by 12 years. The formula estimating average height of normal children aged 2-10 years was, height (cm) = age (yr)×6.5+76 (cm). (2) Birth weight was about 3.3 kg. Growth velocity was at peak about 1.0-1.1 kg/mon in the first 3 months, decreased by half and was about 0.5-0.6 kg/mon in the second 3 months, and was reduced by a quarter, which was about 0.25-0.30 kg/mon, in the last 6 months of the first year. Body mass was up to doubles, triples and quadruple of birth weight at about the 3rd, 12th and 24th month. Average annual gain was about 2 kg and 3 kg from 1-6 years and 7-10 years, respectively. The estimated formula for children 1 to 6 years of age was weight (kg)=age (yr)×2+8 (kg), but for those 7-10 years old, weight (kg)=age (yr)×3+ 2 (kg). Conclusions Growth patterns of height and weight at the different age stages were summarized for Chinese children, and simple reference data of height and weight velocity from 0 to 18 years and approximate estimation formula from 1-10 years was presented for clinical practice.