CAJ | 학술논문

通过现场冲刷试验,结合勘探、调查及室内含泥率测定等手段对大型天然黄土洞穴系统的三维空间展布特征、水文特性及侵蚀特征进行了研究.结果表明:黄土洞穴系统侵蚀过程具有明显的期次性;洞穴过水流量过程曲线可分为增加阶段、相对稳定阶段和减小阶段3个特征流量段,其中在第一阶段普遍存在"滞流效应",第二阶段具有小幅波动的特性,并发现洞穴内的总渗流损失量随设计注水流量的增大而有所增加;根据含泥率随时间变化曲线,分析了不同流量过程段含泥率的变化特点,通过不同工况的累积侵蚀量对比发现洞穴的侵蚀速率与流量显著正相关.从机理上对产生上述过程、现象及结果的原因进行了合理解释,为黄土潜蚀机理及潜蚀速率的研究提供了可靠的现场试验数据.
통과현장충쇄시험,결합감탐、조사급실내함니솔측정등수단대대형천연황토동혈계통적삼유공간전포특정、수문특성급침식특정진행료연구.결과표명:황토동혈계통침식과정구유명현적기차성;동혈과수류량과정곡선가분위증가계단、상대은정계단화감소계단3개특정류량단,기중재제일계단보편존재"체류효응",제이계단구유소폭파동적특성,병발현동혈내적총삼류손실량수설계주수류량적증대이유소증가;근거함니솔수시간변화곡선,분석료불동류량과정단함니솔적변화특점,통과불동공황적루적침식량대비발현동혈적침식속솔여류량현저정상관.종궤리상대산생상술과정、현상급결과적원인진행료합리해석,위황토잠식궤리급잠식속솔적연구제공료가고적현장시험수거.
This paper presents the results of the field water flushing tests into sinkhole, exploration, investigation and laboratory sediment percentage tests in loess. It aims to examine the three dimensional distribution, hydrographic characteristics and erosion characteristics of the large-scale natural pipe-cave network in loess. The findings are summarized as follows. At first, the erosion process of the natural pipe-cave system in loess was periodical. Secondly, each of the water flow curves in the pipe-cave system includes three different characteristic stages: (a) the amount of water flow kept increasing, (b) the amount of water flow became constant, and (c) the amount of water flow became reducing. During (a), the "retardance effect" of water flow always happened. During (b), the amount of water flow had a limited fluctuation And the seepage quantity increased as the injected water increased. Thirdly, the changes of sediment percentage during the three stages were analyzed from the sediment percentage-time curves. The erosion velocity shows a positive correlation with the flow quantity from the accumulative comparison of erosion quantity in the designed cases. Finally, the causes of all the processes, phenomena and results mentioned above are explained. The data obtained from this work provide a valuable base for the research on both the mechanism and the velocity of sub-erosion in loess.