CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]明确在现有生产栽培条件下川芎病虫害种类及其发牛危害规律.[方法]选择有代表性的3块川芎田块作为系统脱察田块.从川芎出苗开始,每7 d调查1次,定点调查.每块田块采用对角线5点取样,每点调查20株,分点调查记载病害名称、有病害株数、病死株数;虫害名称、有虫株数,虫数.同时,记载病害和虫害危害症状.从川芎病害田块中采集病株,用病株的病健部按常规方法分离病原菌,并进行纯化培养,鉴别病原菌种类,并观察其培养性状.采集川芎害虫样品,在室内鉴定害虫种类.[结果]川芎的主要病害有根腐病、白粉病、斑枯病.在苓种阶段,以根腐病、白粉病危害最重,大田期以根腐病危害严重.根腐病4月中下旬至6月中旬进入盛发期,在苓种田块7月中旬达到发病高峰,连作、排水不良、氮肥施用量大的田块发病严重;白粉病一般在5月下旬开始发生,6～7月高温高湿时发病严重;斑枯病在5月上旬开始发生,5月底6月初川芎即将收获时大田发生普遍,7～8月苓种叶片老熟后发病严重.川芎的主要虫害有茎节蛾、斜纹夜蛾、蛴螬、红蜘蛛和种蝇等.在苓种阶段,主要有茎节蛾、斜纹夜蛾、蛴螬和种蝇,在大田期以种蝇危害最为严重.其中,茎节蛾以6月中旬到7月中旬的二、三代发生危害最为严重;斜纹夜蛾在7～8月大发生;蛴螬7月中旬进入为害盛期;叶螨在高温低湿的6～8月发乍危害严重;种蝇在川芎整个生育期均可造成危害,在春、秋季发生最为严重.同时在水肥充足条件下发生普遍,尤其足粪肥施在表面时发牛严重.[结论]明确了川芎主要病虫害的发生危害规律,为川芎重要病虫害的防治提供了科学依据.
[목적]명학재현유생산재배조건하천궁병충해충류급기발우위해규률.[방법]선택유대표성적3괴천궁전괴작위계통탈찰전괴.종천궁출묘개시,매7 d조사1차,정점조사.매괴전괴채용대각선5점취양,매점조사20주,분점조사기재병해명칭、유병해주수、병사주수;충해명칭、유충주수,충수.동시,기재병해화충해위해증상.종천궁병해전괴중채집병주,용병주적병건부안상규방법분리병원균,병진행순화배양,감별병원균충류,병관찰기배양성상.채집천궁해충양품,재실내감정해충충류.[결과]천궁적주요병해유근부병、백분병、반고병.재령충계단,이근부병、백분병위해최중,대전기이근부병위해엄중.근부병4월중하순지6월중순진입성발기,재령충전괴7월중순체도발병고봉,련작、배수불량、담비시용량대적전괴발병엄중;백분병일반재5월하순개시발생,6～7월고온고습시발병엄중;반고병재5월상순개시발생,5월저6월초천궁즉장수획시대전발생보편,7～8월령충협편노숙후발병엄중.천궁적주요충해유경절아、사문야아、제조、홍지주화충승등.재령충계단,주요유경절아、사문야아、제조화충승,재대전기이충승위해최위엄중.기중,경절아이6월중순도7월중순적이、삼대발생위해최위엄중;사문야아재7～8월대발생;제조7월중순진입위해성기;협만재고온저습적6～8월발사위해엄중;충승재천궁정개생육기균가조성위해,재춘、추계발생최위엄중.동시재수비충족조건하발생보편,우기족분비시재표면시발우엄중.[결론]명학료천궁주요병충해적발생위해규률,위천궁중요병충해적방치제공료과학의거.
[Objective]The aim was to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of the main diseases and pests.[Method]The systematic investigation was carried out in the process of seedling and field cultivation of Ligusticum chuanxiong,[Result]The main diseases were root rot,Powdery mildew and Spot blight,while the main pests were Epinotia leucantha Meyrick,Prodenia litura Fabr.,Scarabaeoidea,Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval and Delia platura Meigen.[Conclusion]The law of occurrence of main diseases and pests were confirmed.