CAJ | 학술논문

良好的异交性能对于不育系的广泛应用至关重要.本研究以5个新育成的香型软米胞质雄性不育系文香24A、文香28A、壮香2051A、豪香310A、水香285A等为试验材料,对其异交性能进行分析研究.结果表明:文香24A的单株和单穗开花历期最短,文香28A的单株开花历期和壮香2051A的单穗开花历期最长;除水香285A外,不育系壮香2051A、豪香310A、文香28A、文香24A的张颖持续时间比对照长;参试不育系都有较高的包穗率,但5个新育成不育系的包穗率比对照低;不育系的柱头外露率从高到低依次是文香28A、水香285A、壮香2051A、豪香310A、文香24A、珍汕97A,单外露率高于双外露率;文香28A、水香285A、豪香310A有1个明显的开花高峰期,文香28A尤为突出,对照珍汕97A 开花相对分散;文香28A的柱头活力保持时间最长,对照珍汕97A柱头活力下降最慢;大田自然异交结实率以文香28A最高,对照珍汕97A最低,豪香310、壮香2051A和文香24A异交结实率在30 %以上.新育成的5个不育系的异交性能均比对照具有不同程度的优势,有利于制种生产的利用.
량호적이교성능대우불육계적엄범응용지관중요.본연구이5개신육성적향형연미포질웅성불육계문향24A、문향28A、장향2051A、호향310A、수향285A등위시험재료,대기이교성능진행분석연구.결과표명:문향24A적단주화단수개화력기최단,문향28A적단주개화력기화장향2051A적단수개화력기최장;제수향285A외,불육계장향2051A、호향310A、문향28A、문향24A적장영지속시간비대조장;삼시불육계도유교고적포수솔,단5개신육성불육계적포수솔비대조저;불육계적주두외로솔종고도저의차시문향28A、수향285A、장향2051A、호향310A、문향24A、진산97A,단외로솔고우쌍외로솔;문향28A、수향285A、호향310A유1개명현적개화고봉기,문향28A우위돌출,대조진산97A 개화상대분산;문향28A적주두활력보지시간최장,대조진산97A주두활력하강최만;대전자연이교결실솔이문향28A최고,대조진산97A최저,호향310、장향2051A화문향24A이교결실솔재30 %이상.신육성적5개불육계적이교성능균비대조구유불동정도적우세,유리우제충생산적이용.
Outcrossing habits of favorable characters is significant for wide utilization of sterile lines.Outcrossing characteristics of 5 newly-developed Indica cytoplasmic male sterile lines(CMS)(Wenxiang24A,Wenxiang28A,Zhuangxiang2051A,Haoxiang310A,Shuixiang285A) were studied.Results showed: the flowering duration of single plant and single panicle of Wenxiang24A was the shortest,flowering duration of single plant of Wenxiang 28A and of single panicle Zhuangxiang2051A were the largest.With the exception of Shuixiang285A ,spikelet opening time of Zhuangxiang2051A,Haoxiang310A,Wenxiang28A and Wenxiang24A were langer than that of Zhenshan97A(CK). All the P(T)CMS have higher wrapround spikelet rates,the wrapround spikelet rate of 5CMS were lower than that of Zhenshan98A(CK).The stigma exsertion order of 6 CMS in the sequence of decending was Wenxiang28A,Shuixiang285A,Zhuangxiang2051A,Haoxiang310A,Wenxiang24A Zhenshan98A(CK),single stigma exerted rate was higher than double stigma exerted rate.Wenxiang28A,Haoxiang310A and Shuixiang285A had a obviously high flowering time,Wenxiang28A was especially,Zhenshan97A(CK) has not high flowering time.The duration the stigma vitality of Wenxiang28A was the longest,and the fall of the stigma vitality of Zhenshan98A(CK) was the slowest.As for the rate of cross seed-setting,Wenxiang28A was the highest, Zhenshan98A(CK) was the lowest,and that of Haoxiang310A, Zhuangxiang2051A and Wenxiang24A were more than 30 %. Outcrossing habits of 5 newly-developed Indica cytoplasmic male sterile lines showed distinct preponderance with check. It means that 5 new sterile lines could be used in hybrid seeds production.