CAJ | 학술논문

分类学是认识生物体的一种工具,对生物体间系统关系的理解,种质资源利用的指南,也是一种交流用的普通语言.因此,分类处理需要反映这些关系的近期认识.在自然界,生物体只有两个绝对的单位:个体与种.一个种是一群个体被不可缺少的生殖关系相互联系成为的一个绝对单位.生殖隔离是种与种间的基本界限,同时也是生物演化过程中形成独立基因库(gene pools)的惟一因素.既然在种以上的分类群没有绝对界线,在种以上的任一分类处理都不可能避免人为性.虽然如此,仍然必须作出某些分类适应它们的描述、利用与(或)研究.这篇文章对小麦族分类群间生物系统关系的划分是基于遗传学的研究.我们分类处理的原则是:(1)反映这些种系统演化现今的理解;(2)便于种质资源的利用;(3)避免与传统处理有不必要的剧烈改变.
분류학시인식생물체적일충공구,대생물체간계통관계적리해,충질자원이용적지남,야시일충교류용적보통어언.인차,분류처리수요반영저사관계적근기인식.재자연계,생물체지유량개절대적단위:개체여충.일개충시일군개체피불가결소적생식관계상호련계성위적일개절대단위.생식격리시충여충간적기본계한,동시야시생물연화과정중형성독립기인고(gene pools)적유일인소.기연재충이상적분류군몰유절대계선,재충이상적임일분류처리도불가능피면인위성.수연여차,잉연필수작출모사분류괄응타문적묘술、이용여(혹)연구.저편문장대소맥족분류군간생물계통관계적화분시기우유전학적연구.아문분류처리적원칙시:(1)반영저사충계통연화현금적리해;(2)편우충질자원적이용;(3)피면여전통처리유불필요적극렬개변.
Taxonomy is a tool for organism recognition, an understanding of phylogenetic relationships among organisms, a guide for germplasm utilization, and a common language for communication. Therefore, a taxonomic treatment needs to reflect our current understanding of such relationships. In nature, there are only two absolute units of living organisms: individuals and species. A species is a group of individuals who are connected to each other as a unit by their indispensable relationships of breeding. Reproductive separation is an essential boundary between species, and the only factor to form independent gene pools during organismal evolution. Since there is no absolute boundary among taxa above species, any taxonomic treatments above species cannot avoid arbitrariness. Nevertheless, some classification should be made for the convenience of their description, utility and/or study. This paper classifies the biosystematic relationships among taxa in Triticeae on the basis of genetic studies. The principles for our taxonomic treatment are: (1) reflecting the current understanding of the phylogeny among the species involved, (2) being convenient for germplasm utilization, and (3) avoiding unnecessary radical change apart from the tradition.