CAJ | 학술논문

为了解外来种伊乐藻的无性繁殖力、评价其生态安全性,采用插植方式比较研究了伊乐藻(Elodeanuttallii)和本土种黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)两种沉水植物不同节数(1至4节)和不同节位断枝的不定根和新芽的发生及生长情况.通过室内4周的3次平行实验,结果表明:两者顶芽段均有形成不定根继而形成新植株的能力,而顶芽以下茎段只有本身具有腋芽的断枝才有形成新芽和不定根的能力.两者具相同节数的断枝形成不定根的百分率及根、芽长度,以具顶芽断枝的均明显高于不具顶芽断枝的,具顶芽四节断枝的不定根生成率最高达到90%以上.不具顶芽断枝形成新芽和不定根的百分率及长度随着断枝节数的增加均呈显著递增趋势,每类断枝的发芽率显著大于其生根率;伊乐藻和黑藻枝条一般分别每7节和5节具有一个腋芽,只有具腋芽断枝才能存活,因此,对不具顶芽断枝,7节和5节分别是其形成新苗所需的最短断枝长度.根和芽的长度随节位的下降大致呈递增的趋势.但是节数对形成根、芽的影响显著大于节位的影响.具顶芽断枝的顶芽的增长量和具顶芽4节断枝的生物量增量伊乐藻的高于黑藻,其余指标伊乐藻均显著低于黑藻.伊乐藻断枝的繁殖力总体上低于黑藻.
위료해외래충이악조적무성번식력、평개기생태안전성,채용삽식방식비교연구료이악조(Elodeanuttallii)화본토충흑조(Hydrilla verticillata)량충침수식물불동절수(1지4절)화불동절위단지적불정근화신아적발생급생장정황.통과실내4주적3차평행실험,결과표명:량자정아단균유형성불정근계이형성신식주적능력,이정아이하경단지유본신구유액아적단지재유형성신아화불정근적능력.량자구상동절수적단지형성불정근적백분솔급근、아장도,이구정아단지적균명현고우불구정아단지적,구정아사절단지적불정근생성솔최고체도90%이상.불구정아단지형성신아화불정근적백분솔급장도수착단지절수적증가균정현저체증추세,매류단지적발아솔현저대우기생근솔;이악조화흑조지조일반분별매7절화5절구유일개액아,지유구액아단지재능존활,인차,대불구정아단지,7절화5절분별시기형성신묘소수적최단단지장도.근화아적장도수절위적하강대치정체증적추세.단시절수대형성근、아적영향현저대우절위적영향.구정아단지적정아적증장량화구정아4절단지적생물량증량이악조적고우흑조,기여지표이악조균현저저우흑조.이악조단지적번식력총체상저우흑조.
In order to identify the ability of asexual reproduction of the alien species Elodea nuttallii, and evaluate its ecological safety, the formation and growth of adventitious roots and buds of two submerged macrophytes, E. nuttallii and native species Hydrilla verticillata, were compared in an experiment. Intact shoots of the two species were cut into different fragment types, including 1-4 nodes. Observed in the laboratory for 4 weeks, we found that the fragments with apical buds showed the ability to form adventitious roots and young plants for both species. While the fragments without apical buds were not able to survive unless the axiliary bud was originally present. The percentage of adventitious roots' formatted, and the lengths of roots and buds of the fragments were signifi-cantly higher for shoots with apical buds than those without apical buds of same nodes. The formation rate of ad-ventitious roots for 4 node apical fragments in both species exceeded 90%. For the fragments without apical buds in the two species, the percentage and the length of buds and adventi-tious roots increased significantly with the increase of node number of the fragments. The bud percentage of all fragments were significantly greater than their rooting rate. In general, the shoots of E. nuttallii and H. verticillata had an axillary bud in every 7 nodes and 5 nodes respectively. The formation rate of new bud of both plants was from their axillary bud. Therefore, seven and five nodes were the shortest fragment size for E. nuttallii and H. verticillata without apical bud respectively to survive and regenerate. The vertical position of the node showed an appreciable effect on the growth of the root and bud in both species. The lengths of the roots and buds increased with the node-position's closing the bottom of the fragment. However, the position effect was lower than the size effect in both species. The lengths of all-sized apical shoots and the biomass of 4 nodes apical shoots of E. nuttallii were signifi-cantly higher than those of H. verticillata. Other indices of E. nuttallii were significantly much lower than that of H. verticillata. In concluding, the reproductive capacity of E. nuttallii was lower than that of H, verticillata.