中华耳科学杂志
中華耳科學雜誌
중화이과학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY
2010年
1期
95-99
,共5页
吴玮%韩浩伦%王鸿南%王刚%屈昌北%薄少军%孙喆喆%丁瑞英%李保卫%虞学军%牛聪敏%刘钢
吳瑋%韓浩倫%王鴻南%王剛%屈昌北%薄少軍%孫喆喆%丁瑞英%李保衛%虞學軍%牛聰敏%劉鋼
오위%한호륜%왕홍남%왕강%굴창북%박소군%손철철%정서영%리보위%우학군%우총민%류강
模拟失重%飞船内噪声%豚鼠%听性脑干反应%超微结构
模擬失重%飛船內譟聲%豚鼠%聽性腦榦反應%超微結構
모의실중%비선내조성%돈서%은성뇌간반응%초미결구
Simulated weightlessness%Noise in space craft%Guinea pig%Auditory brainstem response%ultrastructure
目的 探讨模拟失重条件下,飞船内稳态噪声对豚鼠耳蜗形态与功能的影响.方法 32只豚鼠随机分为单纯失重组16只、失重+稳态噪声组16只.后肢悬吊法模拟失重,暴露于模拟飞船内在天飞行段的噪声环境,共5天.实验前、实验结束后即刻和实验结束后3天测试脑干诱发电位(ABR)阈值,取耳蜗标本行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察.结果 实验组实验结束后即刻ABR阈值较实验前及实验结束后3天均增高(P<0.01);实验结束后3天ABR阈值较实验前高(P<0.05);实验结束后即刻及实验结束后3天失重+稳态噪声组ABR阈值均较单纯失重组高(P<0.01).扫描电镜观察实验组实验结束后即刻耳蜗内、外毛细胞均受损.实验结束后3天,单纯失重组少数耳蜗各回内、外毛细胞的损伤程度比实验结束即刻加重;失重+稳态噪声组耳蜗各回内毛细胞损伤较实验结束即刻重,外毛细胞损伤较实验结束即刻轻.实验组各时间段内毛细胞的损伤均重于外毛细胞,自第一回至第四回毛细胞损伤逐渐加重.透射电镜观察实验组耳蜗毛细胞及神经节细胞均可见空泡样改变,线粒体分布减少,细胞核固缩,可见细胞凋亡和细胞坏死两种细胞死亡现象.结论 失重及失重+稳态噪声均可造成豚鼠耳蜗形态和功能损伤,后者造成的损伤更重.失重对耳蜗毛细胞损伤以内毛细胞为重,损伤从底回至顶回逐渐加重.实验结束后3天较实验后即刻的听功能有所恢复但内毛细胞损伤加重.
目的 探討模擬失重條件下,飛船內穩態譟聲對豚鼠耳蝸形態與功能的影響.方法 32隻豚鼠隨機分為單純失重組16隻、失重+穩態譟聲組16隻.後肢懸弔法模擬失重,暴露于模擬飛船內在天飛行段的譟聲環境,共5天.實驗前、實驗結束後即刻和實驗結束後3天測試腦榦誘髮電位(ABR)閾值,取耳蝸標本行掃描電鏡和透射電鏡觀察.結果 實驗組實驗結束後即刻ABR閾值較實驗前及實驗結束後3天均增高(P<0.01);實驗結束後3天ABR閾值較實驗前高(P<0.05);實驗結束後即刻及實驗結束後3天失重+穩態譟聲組ABR閾值均較單純失重組高(P<0.01).掃描電鏡觀察實驗組實驗結束後即刻耳蝸內、外毛細胞均受損.實驗結束後3天,單純失重組少數耳蝸各迴內、外毛細胞的損傷程度比實驗結束即刻加重;失重+穩態譟聲組耳蝸各迴內毛細胞損傷較實驗結束即刻重,外毛細胞損傷較實驗結束即刻輕.實驗組各時間段內毛細胞的損傷均重于外毛細胞,自第一迴至第四迴毛細胞損傷逐漸加重.透射電鏡觀察實驗組耳蝸毛細胞及神經節細胞均可見空泡樣改變,線粒體分佈減少,細胞覈固縮,可見細胞凋亡和細胞壞死兩種細胞死亡現象.結論 失重及失重+穩態譟聲均可造成豚鼠耳蝸形態和功能損傷,後者造成的損傷更重.失重對耳蝸毛細胞損傷以內毛細胞為重,損傷從底迴至頂迴逐漸加重.實驗結束後3天較實驗後即刻的聽功能有所恢複但內毛細胞損傷加重.
목적 탐토모의실중조건하,비선내은태조성대돈서이와형태여공능적영향.방법 32지돈서수궤분위단순실중조16지、실중+은태조성조16지.후지현조법모의실중,폭로우모의비선내재천비행단적조성배경,공5천.실험전、실험결속후즉각화실험결속후3천측시뇌간유발전위(ABR)역치,취이와표본행소묘전경화투사전경관찰.결과 실험조실험결속후즉각ABR역치교실험전급실험결속후3천균증고(P<0.01);실험결속후3천ABR역치교실험전고(P<0.05);실험결속후즉각급실험결속후3천실중+은태조성조ABR역치균교단순실중조고(P<0.01).소묘전경관찰실험조실험결속후즉각이와내、외모세포균수손.실험결속후3천,단순실중조소수이와각회내、외모세포적손상정도비실험결속즉각가중;실중+은태조성조이와각회내모세포손상교실험결속즉각중,외모세포손상교실험결속즉각경.실험조각시간단내모세포적손상균중우외모세포,자제일회지제사회모세포손상축점가중.투사전경관찰실험조이와모세포급신경절세포균가견공포양개변,선립체분포감소,세포핵고축,가견세포조망화세포배사량충세포사망현상.결론 실중급실중+은태조성균가조성돈서이와형태화공능손상,후자조성적손상경중.실중대이와모세포손상이내모세포위중,손상종저회지정회축점가중.실험결속후3천교실험후즉각적은공능유소회복단내모세포손상가중.
Objective To investigate the influence of spacecraft noise on auditory function and cochlear ultrastruc-ture in guinea pigs in weightlessness. Methods Thirty-two guinea pigs were randomly divided into weightlessness-only and weightlessness plus noise groups. Weightlessness was simulated by suspending the hind limbs of the guinea pigs. Animals in the weightlessness plus noise group were also exposed to simulated flying spacecraft noise for 5 days. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) examinations were performed before, immediately following and at 3 days after the experiment. Results In both groups, ABR thresholds were significantly higher immediately following the exposure than before and 3 days after experiment (P < 0.01). ABR thresholds at of the third day after the experiment were also higher than pre-experiment (P < 0.05). Post-exposure ABR thresholds (both immediately and on Day 3) in the weightlessness and noise group were higher than weightlessness-only group (P < 0.01). SEM examination showed damage of both outer hair cells (OHC) and inner hair cells (IHC) in both groups immediately following exposure. On Day 3, in a few cochleae in the weightlessness-only group,hairs cell damage were found more severe compared at the end of exposure, with scattered OHC regeneration, while in the weightlessness and noise group, increased IHC damaged and relatively less severe OHC damage were noticed in all turns on Day 3 compared to at the end of experiment. In both groups and at all post-exposure times, IHC damage was more severe than OHC, and more so in the first turn than the apical turns. TEM examination demonstrated ultrastructural changes in hair cells and in gangliocytes in both groups, including intracellular vacuoles, mitochondria decrease, and karyon pycnosis. Conclusion Cochlea infrastructure and function can be damaged by weightlessness and noise exposure in the guinea pigs. Combined weightlessness and noise cause increased damage. Weightlessness causes damage to hair cells, more so in the IHC, which gradually increases from the basal to apical turns. Auditory function shows partial recovery on Day 3 following exposure, although IHC damage appears to be worsening, compared to immediately after exposure.
