目的 探讨基层医院临床护士工作压力的现状及其影响因素,为减轻临床护士工作压力,提高其工作效率和护理质量提供科学依据.方法 随机抽取本地区二级综合医院、专科医院及乡镇卫生院在岗的临床护士共640名为研究对象,采用护士一般情况调查表、中国护士工作压力源量表和症状自评量表( SCL-90)对研究对象进行问卷调查,比较不同机构类型和不同科室护士工作压力情况及本组护士与中国常模SCL-90得分差异,并分析影响因素.结果 640名护士工作压力总均分为(2.83±0.55)分,属于中等程度的压力.综合医院护士工作压力(3.19±0.52)分大于专科医院(2.91±0.47)分和卫生院(2.78±0.43)分,差异具有统计学意义(F =28.359,P＜0.01)；ICU、儿科护士工作压力(3.17±0.69),(3.10±0.63)分高于其他科室(2.81±0.74)分,差异具有统计学意义(F=6.046,P＜0.01)；SCL-90得分显示,本组护士人际关系(1.69±0.56)分与中国常模(1.65±0.51)分差异无统计学意义(t=1.591,P＞0.05)；其他因子如躯体化(1.72±0.46)分,抑郁(1.75±0.63)分,偏执(1.58±0.59)分等及总分(149.2±45.3)分均高于中国常模(1.37±0.48),(1.50±0.59),(1.43±0.57),(129.96±38.76)分,差异均有统计学意义(t分别为15.461,8.679,5.447,9.836;P ＜0.01)；护士心理健康状况与工作压力有关,工作压力与机构类型、科室、年龄、学历、职称、婚姻状况、经济条件、强迫症状,抑郁、焦虑等因素均有关(r分别为1.236,1.332,1.321,1.121,1.321,1.265,-1.346,1.412,1.614,1.351；P＜0.05).结论 基层护士存在中等的工作压力,对护士的心理健康造成影响,护士工作压力与多方面的因素有关.
目的 探討基層醫院臨床護士工作壓力的現狀及其影響因素,為減輕臨床護士工作壓力,提高其工作效率和護理質量提供科學依據.方法 隨機抽取本地區二級綜閤醫院、專科醫院及鄉鎮衛生院在崗的臨床護士共640名為研究對象,採用護士一般情況調查錶、中國護士工作壓力源量錶和癥狀自評量錶( SCL-90)對研究對象進行問捲調查,比較不同機構類型和不同科室護士工作壓力情況及本組護士與中國常模SCL-90得分差異,併分析影響因素.結果 640名護士工作壓力總均分為(2.83±0.55)分,屬于中等程度的壓力.綜閤醫院護士工作壓力(3.19±0.52)分大于專科醫院(2.91±0.47)分和衛生院(2.78±0.43)分,差異具有統計學意義(F =28.359,P＜0.01)；ICU、兒科護士工作壓力(3.17±0.69),(3.10±0.63)分高于其他科室(2.81±0.74)分,差異具有統計學意義(F=6.046,P＜0.01)；SCL-90得分顯示,本組護士人際關繫(1.69±0.56)分與中國常模(1.65±0.51)分差異無統計學意義(t=1.591,P＞0.05)；其他因子如軀體化(1.72±0.46)分,抑鬱(1.75±0.63)分,偏執(1.58±0.59)分等及總分(149.2±45.3)分均高于中國常模(1.37±0.48),(1.50±0.59),(1.43±0.57),(129.96±38.76)分,差異均有統計學意義(t分彆為15.461,8.679,5.447,9.836;P ＜0.01)；護士心理健康狀況與工作壓力有關,工作壓力與機構類型、科室、年齡、學歷、職稱、婚姻狀況、經濟條件、彊迫癥狀,抑鬱、焦慮等因素均有關(r分彆為1.236,1.332,1.321,1.121,1.321,1.265,-1.346,1.412,1.614,1.351；P＜0.05).結論 基層護士存在中等的工作壓力,對護士的心理健康造成影響,護士工作壓力與多方麵的因素有關.
목적 탐토기층의원림상호사공작압력적현상급기영향인소,위감경림상호사공작압력,제고기공작효솔화호리질량제공과학의거.방법 수궤추취본지구이급종합의원、전과의원급향진위생원재강적림상호사공640명위연구대상,채용호사일반정황조사표、중국호사공작압력원량표화증상자평량표( SCL-90)대연구대상진행문권조사,비교불동궤구류형화불동과실호사공작압력정황급본조호사여중국상모SCL-90득분차이,병분석영향인소.결과 640명호사공작압력총균분위(2.83±0.55)분,속우중등정도적압력.종합의원호사공작압력(3.19±0.52)분대우전과의원(2.91±0.47)분화위생원(2.78±0.43)분,차이구유통계학의의(F =28.359,P＜0.01)；ICU、인과호사공작압력(3.17±0.69),(3.10±0.63)분고우기타과실(2.81±0.74)분,차이구유통계학의의(F=6.046,P＜0.01)；SCL-90득분현시,본조호사인제관계(1.69±0.56)분여중국상모(1.65±0.51)분차이무통계학의의(t=1.591,P＞0.05)；기타인자여구체화(1.72±0.46)분,억욱(1.75±0.63)분,편집(1.58±0.59)분등급총분(149.2±45.3)분균고우중국상모(1.37±0.48),(1.50±0.59),(1.43±0.57),(129.96±38.76)분,차이균유통계학의의(t분별위15.461,8.679,5.447,9.836;P ＜0.01)；호사심리건강상황여공작압력유관,공작압력여궤구류형、과실、년령、학력、직칭、혼인상황、경제조건、강박증상,억욱、초필등인소균유관(r분별위1.236,1.332,1.321,1.121,1.321,1.265,-1.346,1.412,1.614,1.351；P＜0.05).결론 기층호사존재중등적공작압력,대호사적심리건강조성영향,호사공작압력여다방면적인소유관.
Objective To investigate the job stress of nurses from basal hospitals and its relevant factors and provide scientific basis for work efficacy and nursing quality.Methods 640 clinical nurses were drawn randomly from second order general hospitals,special hospitals and township and countryside health center.The nurses were investigated by Chinese nursing stressor scale,Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90)scale and self-designed nurse general condition questionnaire.The scores of nurse job stress and the factors scores of SCL-90 were calculated to describe the status of job stress and mental health of nurses.The ordinal multiple classification logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors related to nurse job stress.Results The total average score of job stress of nurse was (2.83 ± 0.55),and it was middle levd job stress.The major job stress of nurse was concentrated on the following aspects:the patient nursing care (3.31 ± 0.75 ),workload and time schedule (3.20 ±0.63) and nursing profession and it's work (3.12 ±0.56).About the administration and interpersonal relations (2.08 ± 0.23),operational environment and instrumentation (2.48 ± 0.36 ),has minor relations with job stress of nurse.The average score of job stress of nurse for general hospital,special hospitals and health station were (3.19 ± 0.52),( 2.91 ± 0.47 ),(2.78 ± 0.43 ),respectively,there was statistical significance for the differences ( F =28.359,P ＜ 0.01 ),the nurses in the general hospital have higher job stress.The score of job stress of nurse for department of internal medicine,department of surgery,department of gynecology,department of pediatrics,department of ICU and other department were (3.02 ±0.66),(3.03 ±0.72),(2.94±0.71),(3.10±0.63),(3.17±0.69) and (2.81 ±0.74),respectively,there was statistical significance for the difference ( F =6.046,P ＜ 0.01 ),the nurses in ICU and department of pediatrics have higher job press.The factors score of SCL-90 for nurses indicated that saitivity of interpersonal relations (1.69 ±0.56) was not different from that (1.65 ±0.51) in the norm (t =1.591,P＞0.05) ; other factors such as somatization ( 1.72 ± 0.46),depression ( 1.75 ± 0.63 ),crankiness ( 1.58 ± 0.59 ) and the total score ( 149.2 ± 45.3) were higher than those in the norm ( 1.37 ± 0.48,1.50 ± 0.59,1.43 ± 0.57,149.2 ± 45.3,respectively) and the difference was significant ( t =15.461,8.679,5.447,9.836,respectively;P ＜ 0.01 ).The mental health of nurses has some relationship with job pressure.The factors related to the work pressure were:the type of organization,department,age,and educational history,professional titles,the status of marriage,economical condition of family,compulsive symptom,depression,anxiety,and so on (r=1.236,1.332,1.321,1.121,1.321,1.265,-1.346,1.412,1.614,1.351,respectively; P＜0.05).Conclusions The nurses of basal hospital have middle level job stress,and influence the mental health of nurse.Several aspect factors have relationships with job stress of nurse.
