CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解血吸虫病不同主要流行类型地区各类传染源感染现况,为进一步加强以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施提供科学依据.方法 2007年10-11月在安徽省选择山丘型血吸虫病流行村和湖沼型流行村各1个(共16个自然村)开展现况调查,调查当地钉螺感染情况,对1521名常住居民、采用简单随机抽样方法抽取了197头家畜(牛80头、猪46头、犬45只、猫18只、羊8只)、32只野生动物(野鼠)进行病原学检查(kato-katz法、尼龙绢集卵孵化法),计算血吸虫病感染率和感染度.结果垄上村、渔业村的钉螺感染率2007年分别为2.26%,1.06%,均高于2006年的0.55%,0.72%.人群感染率与感染度[每克粪便中虫卵数(egg per gram, EPG)]几何均数:垄上村为3.8%和0.14 EPG,渔业村为3.4%和0.13 EPG.不同性别血检阳性率:垄上村血检阳性率男性17.5%(44/252),高于女性的11.0%(25/227)(X2=4.026,P=0.045);渔业村血检阳性率男性21.4%(66/309),女性19.4%(25/129),两者差异无统计学意义(X2=0.217,P>0.05);不同性别粪检阳性率:垄上村粪检阳性率男性5.2%(14/268),女性2.1%(5/236),两者差异无统计学意义(X2=3.336,P>0.05);渔业村粪检阳性率男性5.7%(14/245),女性1.2%(3/250)(X2=7.603,P=0.006).垄上村检查6头牛,未发现阳性,垄上村无羊;渔业村牛的感染率为10.8%(8/74),EPG算术均数为135.00;公牛血吸虫感染率9.1%(6/66),母牛25.0%(2/8),两者差异无统计学意义(X2=0.586,P=0.444);羊共检查8头,检出6头阳性(6/8),EPG算术均数为254.82.犬野粪孵化阳性率和感染度:垄上村为23.81%(5/21)和1.21 EPG;渔业村为55.6%(24/36)和20.00 EPG.野鼠感染率:渔业村共检查10只,无阳性感染;垄上村为13.64%(3/22).结论耕牛仍是血吸虫病湖沼型流行区的主要传染源,但随着以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略深入开展,羊、犬和野鼠等动物在血吸虫病传播中的流行病学意义应予重视.
목적 료해혈흡충병불동주요류행류형지구각류전염원감염현황,위진일보가강이전염원공제위주적종합방치조시제공과학의거.방법 2007년10-11월재안휘성선택산구형혈흡충병류행촌화호소형류행촌각1개(공16개자연촌)개전현황조사,조사당지정라감염정황,대1521명상주거민、채용간단수궤추양방법추취료197두가축(우80두、저46두、견45지、묘18지、양8지)、32지야생동물(야서)진행병원학검사(kato-katz법、니룡견집란부화법),계산혈흡충병감염솔화감염도.결과 롱상촌、어업촌적정라감염솔2007년분별위2.26%,1.06%,균고우2006년적0.55%,0.72%.인군감염솔여감염도[매극분편중충란수(egg per gram, EPG)]궤하균수:롱상촌위3.8%화0.14 EPG,어업촌위3.4%화0.13 EPG.불동성별혈검양성솔:롱상촌혈검양성솔남성17.5%(44/252),고우녀성적11.0%(25/227)(X2=4.026,P=0.045);어업촌혈검양성솔남성21.4%(66/309),녀성19.4%(25/129),량자차이무통계학의의(X2=0.217,P>0.05);불동성별분검양성솔:롱상촌분검양성솔남성5.2%(14/268),녀성2.1%(5/236),량자차이무통계학의의(X2=3.336,P>0.05);어업촌분검양성솔남성5.7%(14/245),녀성1.2%(3/250)(X2=7.603,P=0.006).롱상촌검사6두우,미발현양성,롱상촌무양;어업촌우적감염솔위10.8%(8/74),EPG산술균수위135.00;공우혈흡충감염솔9.1%(6/66),모우25.0%(2/8),량자차이무통계학의의(X2=0.586,P=0.444);양공검사8두,검출6두양성(6/8),EPG산술균수위254.82.견야분부화양성솔화감염도:롱상촌위23.81%(5/21)화1.21 EPG;어업촌위55.6%(24/36)화20.00 EPG.야서감염솔:어업촌공검사10지,무양성감염;롱상촌위13.64%(3/22).결론 경우잉시혈흡충병호소형류행구적주요전염원,단수착이전염원공제위주적종합방치책략심입개전,양、견화야서등동물재혈흡충병전파중적류행병학의의응여중시.
Objective To understand the infectious status of infection sources in some epidemic regions of Schistosomiasis japonica,and provide a scientific basis for further controlling infection sources in a comprehensive way. Methods Longshang village which lies in the area of hills and mountains and Yuye village which lies in the area of lakes and marshlands were chosen for field investigation. The study was targeted at snails and 1512 residents,while 197 samples of livestock were randomized (80 cattle,46 pigs,45 dogs, 18 cats ,8 sheep) and 32 wild animals (field rats) were screened in Anhui province between October to November in 2007. The infection rate and intensity of infection were calculated after pathogenic examination on the populations, livestock and wild animals ( field rats). Results (1) The infection rate of snails in Longshang and Yuye village were 2.26% ,1.06% in 2007,and 0. 55% ,0. 72% in 2006 respectively. (2)Of the infection rate and geometric mean of egg per gram(EPG) of population,3. 8% and 0. 14(EPG) were in Longshang village and 3.4% and 0.13 (EPG) were in Yuye village. The positive rate of blood examination of the different sex in Longshang village was 17.5% (44/252) of the males,higher than that of the females 11.0% (25/227) (X2=4.026, P=0.045), whereas, in Yuye village was 21.4% (66/309) of males and 19.4% (25/129) for the females,without significant differences (X2=0.217,P>0.05). The positive rate of fecal examination of the different sex in Longshang village was 5.2% (14/268) of the men and 2.1% (5/ 236)of the women showing no statistical significance(X2=3.336,P>0.05);whereas,in Yuye village was 5.7% (14/245) of the men and 1.2% (3/250) of the women (X2=7.603, P=0.006). (3) The infection rate and the arithmetic mean of EPG of the cattle, 10. 8% (8/74) and 135.00 (EPG) were in Longshang village,meanwhile, the infection rate of the bull was 9. 1% (6/66)and 25.0% (2/8) for cow without statistical significanc (X2=0.586, P=0.444), whereas, the total number of cattle was 6 that had been examined and there was no positive case in Yuye village. Of 8 sheep examined in Yuye village, 6 was positive,with arithmetic mean of 254. 82(EPG) ,while there was no sheep in Longshang village. (4)Of the positive rate of the incubation for dog's feces and intensity of infection,55.6% (24/36)and 20.00(EPG) were in Yuye village whereas 23. 81% (5/21) and 1.21 (EPG) were in Langshang village. (5) Of the infection rate of the field rats,13.64% (3/22)in Longshang village whereas a total number of mouse was 10 that had been examined and there was no positive case in Yuye village. Conclusion The farm cattle should be still the chief sources of infection in the regions of lakes and marshlands for schistosomiasis. Whereas ,with the implementing in-depth of the strategy on controlling source of infection in a integrated way, high priorities should be given to the cpidemiological facotors of the animals such as sheep, dogs, field mouse and so on which are spreading schistosomiasis.