CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解我国上海市头部外伤急诊患者的就诊时间分布和流行趋势.方法采用前瞻性资料收集的方法 ,对2004年1月至2004年12月在参加调查的上海市12家医院急诊首诊的头部外伤病例进行调查,并填写统一的调查表,内容包括年龄、受伤时间、致伤原因等.运用STSS 11.5统计学软件包对数据进行描述性分析和:检验.结果本研究共收回调查表19 532份,去除重复病例和缺项较多的调查表后,共得到有效调查表18076份(占92.55%).病例男女性别比为2.11:1.女性患者年龄>性(t=10.575,P<0.01).20～29岁年龄组为最高发患者群,占24.7%.本市常住病例占所有统计病例的34.2%.12、1、3月份和8月份头部创伤急诊患者明显多于其他月份;而19:00-21:130,16:00-19:00和10:00-12:00为就诊高峰时段.5.1%患者的致伤原因与工作相关.就致伤原因而言,儿童组(<14岁)和老年组(>60岁)以坠落伤为首要致伤原因(分别占66.9%和48.4%);青少年组(15～34岁)以暴力击打伤最为常见(占3_4.2%);中青年组(35～59岁)以交通伤占第一位(占37.7%).受伤情况以头皮损伤(占40.2%)最为多见.85.8%的患者在就诊时接受了CT检查.71.1%的患者在急诊后自行离院,0.5%的患者死亡.结论上海市头部外伤急诊患者在年龄、就诊时间、致伤原因等方面有一定的规律性,掌握头部外伤急诊患者的流行趋势将有助于医院合理安排急诊医疗资源.
목적 료해아국상해시두부외상급진환자적취진시간분포화류행추세.방법 채용전첨성자료수집적방법 ,대2004년1월지2004년12월재삼가조사적상해시12가의원급진수진적두부외상병례진행조사,병전사통일적조사표,내용포괄년령、수상시간、치상원인등.운용STSS 11.5통계학연건포대수거진행묘술성분석화:검험.결과 본연구공수회조사표19 532빈,거제중복병례화결항교다적조사표후,공득도유효조사표18076빈(점92.55%).병례남녀성별비위2.11:1.녀성환자년령>성(t=10.575,P<0.01).20～29세년령조위최고발환자군,점24.7%.본시상주병례점소유통계병례적34.2%.12、1、3월빈화8월빈두부창상급진환자명현다우기타월빈;이19:00-21:130,16:00-19:00화10:00-12:00위취진고봉시단.5.1%환자적치상원인여공작상관.취치상원인이언,인동조(<14세)화노년조(>60세)이추락상위수요치상원인(분별점66.9%화48.4%);청소년조(15～34세)이폭력격타상최위상견(점3_4.2%);중청년조(35～59세)이교통상점제일위(점37.7%).수상정황이두피손상(점40.2%)최위다견.85.8%적환자재취진시접수료CT검사.71.1%적환자재급진후자행리원,0.5%적환자사망.결론 상해시두부외상급진환자재년령、취진시간、치상원인등방면유일정적규률성,장악두부외상급진환자적류행추세장유조우의원합리안배급진의료자원.
Objective To analyze the emergercy epidemiological characteristics of coeualties with head in-jury in Shanghai. Method By a prospective study,the data of 18 076 casualties with head injury during the whole year 2004 collected from 12 joint hospitals in Shanghai were documented well in the unified survey tables with wide-range items failed in by the attending physician, who got the firsthand information from patients and witness.The data were analyzed by using SPPS version 11.5 software. Results Of 18 076 casualties with head injury,the ratio of male to female was 2.11: 1.The mean age of female was older than that of male (t=10.575, P<0.01).The highest incidence of casualties occurred in people of twenties (24.7 % ). The local residents of Shanghai ac-counted for 34.2% of casualties. More casualties often occurred in December,January,Mareh and August than in he rest. Of 5.1% casualties with head injury were assochted with labour work.The leading cause of injury was dif-ferent in patient cohorts of different ages. Fall was the most main cause of trauma in children cohort (aged<14)and the senile patients cohort (aged > 60). The violert assault and traffic accident caused the most head injuries in the adolescent people cohort ( aged 15～34 years old) and the young people cohort ( aged 35～59 year old). The majority of casualties (85.5%) received CT scan.The scalp laceration (40.2% of patients) was seen more often than other types of injury . The mortality of easualties with traumatic brain injury was 0. 5 % . Conclusions The kmowledge of epidemiologieal aend of emergency deparhnent visitors with head injury is amportant guidance to physicians arranging emergency medical resources rationally and formulating a comprehesive prevention stategy of castahies with head injury.