CAJ | 학술논문

国际水稻遗传评价网(INGER)是一项全球性的水稻种质交换、评价和利用国际合作项目,是引进国外种质的最佳途径之一.广西从1979起参加国际水稻遗传评价网的国际合作,到目前为止,已接受过13个不同类型的INGER试验圃,和包括当地对照在内的约17000份参试材料.通过对国际水稻遗传评价试验网各试验圃试验材料的评价,获得了一批适合广西生态条件的新的高产源、优质源、抗源及具有恢复基因、保持基因的优异种质材料,这不仅丰富了我区的稻种资源库,而且扩大了我区品种改良的遗传背景.从1999年到现在,我们筛选出了600余份优良的育种材料,向区内外20多个科研育种单位无偿提供了8000份左右的种子材料.INGER对提高我区的水稻生产水平特别是在米质和抗性的改良以及杂交稻组合的选配上,起着重要作用.据不完全统计,利用INGER部份优良种质,进行系统选育和杂交育种,育成通过广西农作物品种审定并推广的品种6个,杂交稻组合17个,这些品种和组合在广西水稻生产上已大面积推广,取得了巨大的社会和经济效益.尽管INGER在广西的试验存在着资金和管理上的一些问题,我们仍然希望能继续承担这个试验;通过它多引进特殊需要的种质材料;解决种子来华问题,最好由IRRI将供试种子统一寄给国内一个单位;国内项目协调员应积极组织参试单位共同申报国家课题争取经费支持;以及适当组织田间考察活动.
국제수도유전평개망(INGER)시일항전구성적수도충질교환、평개화이용국제합작항목,시인진국외충질적최가도경지일.엄서종1979기삼가국제수도유전평개망적국제합작,도목전위지,이접수과13개불동류형적INGER시험포,화포괄당지대조재내적약17000빈삼시재료.통과대국제수도유전평개시험망각시험포시험재료적평개,획득료일비괄합엄서생태조건적신적고산원、우질원、항원급구유회복기인、보지기인적우이충질재료,저불부봉부료아구적도충자원고,이차확대료아구품충개량적유전배경.종1999년도현재,아문사선출료600여빈우량적육충재료,향구내외20다개과연육충단위무상제공료8000빈좌우적충자재료.INGER대제고아구적수도생산수평특별시재미질화항성적개량이급잡교도조합적선배상,기착중요작용.거불완전통계,이용INGER부빈우량충질,진행계통선육화잡교육충,육성통과엄서농작물품충심정병추엄적품충6개,잡교도조합17개,저사품충화조합재엄서수도생산상이대면적추엄,취득료거대적사회화경제효익.진관INGER재엄서적시험존재착자금화관리상적일사문제,아문잉연희망능계속승담저개시험;통과타다인진특수수요적충질재료;해결충자래화문제,최호유IRRI장공시충자통일기급국내일개단위;국내항목협조원응적겁조직삼시단위공동신보국가과제쟁취경비지지;이급괄당조직전간고찰활동.
International Network of Genetic Evaluation for Rice (INGER) is a world wide cooperative program of rice germplasm exchange, evaluation and utilization organized by International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). It is also one of the best ways to introduce foreign rice germplasms and breeding materials[1]. This program has been started in 1979 in Guangxi. Up to date, 13 kinds of INGER nurseries including total 17,000 seed materials have been conducted by the Rice Research Institute and Plant Protection Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GXAAS) since then. Great number of elite rice germplasms and breeding materials with high yield potential, good grain quality, multi-resistance to disease and insect pests, adoptable to the local eco-conditions, and restoring and maintaining genes have been screened and evaluated out through the INGER nurseries in Guangxi. These elite germplasm materials not only enriched the collection contents of the rice gene-bank but also expanded the genetic background of variety improvement in Guangxi. As counted from 1999, about 600 entrances from INGER nurseries have been evaluated as promising breeding materials with various elite traits, and more than 8,000 seed samples have been provided to about 20 research institutions in and out side Gunagxi province for breeding or other studies. INGER program has played an important role in raising rice production level, especially for rice grain quality improvement, increasing the resistances to disease and insect pests, and breeding for rice hybrids as well as inbred. Based on incomplete statistics, by use of germplasms from INGER nurseries, six inbred varieties and 17 rice hybrids have been developed and released in commercial production for years and brought great economic and social profits in Guangxi province.Though there are some problems and difficulties, including financial and management issues to improve and perfect the implementation of INGER program not only in Guangxi but also in some other provinces of China, we are still strongly hoping the continuation of INGER program with increasing of some specially needed breeding materials; collectively delivering and receiving the seed materials from IRRI instead of one each, applying the state research project to get some funds from the government by national coordinator to organize the engaged institutes, and organizing field trips.