CAJ | 학술논문

目的研究自吸过滤式防尘口罩对中国成年人的适用性,分析影响适合性的主要因素；结合中国人头面特征进行改进,并评价改进后的防护效果.方法依据前期研究提出的中国人群头面尺寸二元分栏选择代表性测试对象,对市场上购买的杯状(A1)和折叠型(B1)自吸过滤式防尘口罩使用核凝计数器法进行适合性测试.依据中国人头面特征以及适合性影响因素对A1和B1两类自吸过滤式防尘口罩进行改进,并对上述口罩改进后的对应产品A2和B2测定适合性.结果按适合性因数大于等于100为自吸过滤式防尘口罩的防护效果合格标准,A1型自吸过滤式防尘口罩的通过率为0.0％,适合性因数为20.7(范围:6.9~46.9)；B1型自吸过滤式防尘口罩的通过率为4.0％,适合因数为26,0(范围:6.8～154.9).改进后两类自吸过滤式防尘口罩的通过率和适合性因数均提高,A2型自吸过滤式防尘口罩的通过率为72.0％,适合性因数为223.5(范围:2.2～5932.7),与改进前比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=25.09,P＜0.05).B2型的通过率为88.0％,适合性因数为429.8(范围:41.5～3692.9),与改进前比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=32.21,P＜0.05).结论为保证自吸过滤式防尘口罩的防护效果,其设计需考虑国人脸型特点,劳动者选择自吸过滤式防尘口罩时应进行适合性测定.
목적 연구자흡과려식방진구조대중국성년인적괄용성,분석영향괄합성적주요인소；결합중국인두면특정진행개진,병평개개진후적방호효과.방법 의거전기연구제출적중국인군두면척촌이원분란선택대표성측시대상,대시장상구매적배상(A1)화절첩형(B1)자흡과려식방진구조사용핵응계수기법진행괄합성측시.의거중국인두면특정이급괄합성영향인소대A1화B1량류자흡과려식방진구조진행개진,병대상술구조개진후적대응산품A2화B2측정괄합성.결과 안괄합성인수대우등우100위자흡과려식방진구조적방호효과합격표준,A1형자흡과려식방진구조적통과솔위0.0％,괄합성인수위20.7(범위:6.9~46.9)；B1형자흡과려식방진구조적통과솔위4.0％,괄합인수위26,0(범위:6.8～154.9).개진후량류자흡과려식방진구조적통과솔화괄합성인수균제고,A2형자흡과려식방진구조적통과솔위72.0％,괄합성인수위223.5(범위:2.2～5932.7),여개진전비교,차이유통계학의의(x2=25.09,P＜0.05).B2형적통과솔위88.0％,괄합성인수위429.8(범위:41.5～3692.9),여개진전비교,차이유통계학의의(x2=32.21,P＜0.05).결론 위보증자흡과려식방진구조적방호효과,기설계수고필국인검형특점,노동자선택자흡과려식방진구조시응진행괄합성측정.
Objective To investigate the fit of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirator for Chinese workers,to improve the respirators according to Chinese facial features and to evaluate the protective effects of improved respirators.Methods Two types of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators (cup respirators A1 and folding respirators B1 ) were tested by Condensation Nuclei Counting method (CNC) in 25 representative subjects (15 males and 10 females).According to the Chinese facial features and fit factors,A1 and B1 respirators were improved.The fit tests were performed for the improved A1 and B1 respirators.Results The fit factors ≧ 100 served as the qualified standard of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators.The qualified rate for cup respirator A1 was 0.0％.Its geometric mean fit factor was 20,7 (6.9～46.9).The qualified rate for cup respirator B1 was 4.0％.Its geometric mean fit factor was 26.0 (6.8～154.9).After improvement,the qualified rates and fit factors significantly increased.The qualified rate for cup respirator A2 was 72.0％ and geometric mean fit factor was 223.5 (2.2～5932.7).There were significantly differences between respirator A1 and A2 (x2=25.09,P＜0.05).The qualified rate for cup respirator B2 was 88.0 ％ and geometric mean fit factor was 429.8 (41.5～3692.9).The significant differences (x2=32.21,P＜0.05) between B1 and B2 were found.Conclusion To ensure the protective effects,the self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators were designed according to Chinese facial features.The respirator fit test must be conducted when workers choose respirators.