CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解宁夏0～30个月婴幼儿的碘营养水平,为是否有必要开展特需人群强化补碘和下调盐含碘量提供参考依据.方法采用二阶段抽样法,在全区22个县(市、区)的664个行政村中抽取1483名婴幼儿,用砷铈催化分光光度法检测其尿碘并进行相关影响因素调查.结果全区婴幼儿的尿碘中位数为216.5μg/L,<100μg/L所占比例为19.1%(283/1483),100～300 μg/L所占比例为49.3%(731/1483),>300μg/L所占比例为31.6%(469/1483);各县尿碘中位数在130.6 ～328.4μg/L,均>100μg/L以上;尿碘中位数男性略高于女性,分别为223.2、210.2 μg/L,两者比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.76,P>0.05);1岁以内尿碘几乎无变化(Z=-0.624,P>0.05),1岁后开始逐渐下降(χ2=13.59,P<0.05),随着月龄的增加,尿碘<100μg/L的比例逐渐增多;母亲服用过碘油的婴幼儿,尿碘高于未服用者,分别为257.5、22 1.2μg/L,两者比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.54,P<0.05).1岁以内接受母乳喂养的婴幼儿尿碘高于未服用者,分别为239.1、204.2μg/L,两者比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.74,P<0.05).结论现行的食盐加碘量对宁夏婴幼儿可能造成其碘营养超过适宜量,故宁夏居民盐碘总体上有下调的空间.宁夏除西吉县外,其他山区县可不必对特需人群再进行强化补碘.
목적 료해저하0～30개월영유인적전영양수평,위시부유필요개전특수인군강화보전화하조염함전량제공삼고의거.방법 채용이계단추양법,재전구22개현(시、구)적664개행정촌중추취1483명영유인,용신시최화분광광도법검측기뇨전병진행상관영향인소조사.결과 전구영유인적뇨전중위수위216.5μg/L,<100μg/L소점비례위19.1%(283/1483),100～300 μg/L소점비례위49.3%(731/1483),>300μg/L소점비례위31.6%(469/1483);각현뇨전중위수재130.6 ～328.4μg/L,균>100μg/L이상;뇨전중위수남성략고우녀성,분별위223.2、210.2 μg/L,량자비교차이무통계학의의(Z=-1.76,P>0.05);1세이내뇨전궤호무변화(Z=-0.624,P>0.05),1세후개시축점하강(χ2=13.59,P<0.05),수착월령적증가,뇨전<100μg/L적비례축점증다;모친복용과전유적영유인,뇨전고우미복용자,분별위257.5、22 1.2μg/L,량자비교차이유통계학의의(Z=-2.54,P<0.05).1세이내접수모유위양적영유인뇨전고우미복용자,분별위239.1、204.2μg/L,량자비교차이유통계학의의(Z=-2.74,P<0.05).결론 현행적식염가전량대저하영유인가능조성기전영양초과괄의량,고저하거민염전총체상유하조적공간.저하제서길현외,기타산구현가불필대특수인군재진행강화보전.
Objective To determine urinary iodine level among babies and infants aged 0-30 months in Ningxia, and to provide scientific evidence for strengthening iodine supplement or decreasing salt iodine level in special population. Methods One thousand four hundred and eighty-three babies and infants were selected randomly from 664 administrative villages of 22 counties (city or district) by two-stage sampling method. Urinary iodine was tested with the arsenic cerium catalysis spectrophotometric method and related influencing factors were analyzed. Results Urinary iodine median was 216.5 μg/L of the whole autonomous region, and the value that was lower than 100 μg/L, accounted for 19.1%(283/1483), 100 - 300 μg/L accounted for 49.3%(731/1483), higher than 300 μg/L, accounted for 31.6% (469/1483). Urinary iodine median was in 130.6 - 328.4 μg/L of all counties, which was higher than 100 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of men(223.2 μg/L) was slightly higher than that(210.2 μg/L) of female, no significant difference was observed(Z = - 1.76, P > 0.05). Urinary iodine level changed little when child was younger than one year old(Z = - 0.624, P > 0.05). Then the value dropped gradually after one year old(χ2 = 13.59, P < 0.05), decreased with age by month, and the proportion of the value smaller than 100 μg/L was increased gradually. Urinary iodine level(257.5 μg/L) of child whose mother had taken iodine oil pills was higher than that (221.2 μg/L) of child whose mother had significant difference was observed(Z = - 2.54, P < 0.05). The urinary iodine level (239.1 μg/L) of child who received breast feeding was higher than that (204.2 μg/L) of child without breast feeding among one year old and younger infants and babies, significant difference was observed (Z = - 2.74, P < 0.05). Conclusions Current iodine level in iodized salt is probably higher than suitable in Ningxia, and the value could be decreased. It is unnecessary to strengthen iodine supplement procedure in special population other than people in Xiji county.