CAJ | 학술논문

负链RNA病毒基因组由单负链RNA构成.其基因组RNA需要被转录为mRNA才能引导病毒蛋白在细胞内合成.使用传统的DNA重组技术对负链RNA病毒进行基因操作已经难以奏效.反向遗传学方法是通过反转录病毒RNA为cDNA,从而构建成含有病毒基因组cDNA的质粒并转染相应细胞产生病毒.通过中间的DNA环节在DNA相对负链RNA病毒基因组进行人工操作,这使得研究者可以自定义产生需要的病毒.因而研究反向遗传学技术的建立、发展过程以及它在相关病毒基因片段结构功能、疫苗研制、外源基因表达、基因治疗等方面的应用很有意义.
부련RNA병독기인조유단부련RNA구성.기기인조RNA수요피전록위mRNA재능인도병독단백재세포내합성.사용전통적DNA중조기술대부련RNA병독진행기인조작이경난이주효.반향유전학방법시통과반전록병독RNA위cDNA,종이구건성함유병독기인조cDNA적질립병전염상응세포산생병독.통과중간적DNA배절재DNA상대부련RNA병독기인조진행인공조작,저사득연구자가이자정의산생수요적병독.인이연구반향유전학기술적건립、발전과정이급타재상관병독기인편단결구공능、역묘연제、외원기인표체、기인치료등방면적응용흔유의의.
The genome of negative-strand RNA virus is comprised of single-strand,anti-sense RNA.Its genomic RNA needs to be transcribed into mRNA in order to direct the synthesis of viral proteins in the host cell.Negative-strand RNA viruses have been refractory to genetic manipulation using traditional recombinant DNA techniques.The methods of reverse genetics produced viruses by transfeeting corresponding cells with the plasmids which contain the cDNA of negative-strand RNA virus genome.We could manipulate the viral genome in the DNA phase.Therfore,investigators can make the required virus.In this review,we introduced the background for the establishment and development of the methods of reverse genetics,and its application in the study of the function and structure of viral gene,vaccine development,foreign gene expression and gene therapy.