CAJ | 학술논문

岩体粗糙裂隙的细部特征对区域整体渗流分析影响很大,以往渗流分析往往没有考虑粗糙裂隙细部特征以及其对整体渗流分析的影响.提出子单元法来分析岩体粗糙裂隙网络渗流,则可以较好的分析上述影响.子单元法将每一裂隙当成一个单元,裂隙内部则分成若干子单元,裂隙单元的总体水力特征受所有的子单元联合作用控制,而细部水力特征由单一子单元体现.根据单裂隙开度分布统计规律模拟裂隙开度分布,将单裂隙等长分段(子单元),根据模拟开度参数求得裂隙中任一子单元的平均隙宽,进一步推导裂隙的单宽流量公式和子单元结点的水头公式.利用岩体裂隙网络渗流理论,结合粗糙单裂隙等宽流量公式,求得各裂隙结点水头,进一步求得裂隙的单宽流量,进而求得裂隙子单元水头和流速.通过分析可得粗糙裂隙网络渗流与平滑裂隙网络存在明显不同:(1)裂隙网络中任一裂隙单宽流量计算公式不同,粗糙裂隙的等效水力隙宽小于平均隙宽;(2)裂隙内水头分布形式不同,光滑裂隙呈直线状分布,而粗糙裂隙呈阶梯状分布;(3)组成裂隙网络渗流传导矩阵的计算公式不同,粗糙裂隙网络考虑了裂隙细部水力特征对渗流的影响;(4)粗糙裂隙子单元法考虑了裂隙开度分布不均匀对裂隙过流能力的影响,更加合理. 本研究可为实际工程提供参考.
암체조조렬극적세부특정대구역정체삼류분석영향흔대,이왕삼류분석왕왕몰유고필조조렬극세부특정이급기대정체삼류분석적영향.제출자단원법래분석암체조조렬극망락삼류,칙가이교호적분석상술영향.자단원법장매일렬극당성일개단원,렬극내부칙분성약간자단원,렬극단원적총체수력특정수소유적자단원연합작용공제,이세부수력특정유단일자단원체현.근거단렬극개도분포통계규률모의렬극개도분포,장단렬극등장분단(자단원),근거모의개도삼수구득렬극중임일자단원적평균극관,진일보추도렬극적단관류량공식화자단원결점적수두공식.이용암체렬극망락삼류이론,결합조조단렬극등관류량공식,구득각렬극결점수두,진일보구득렬극적단관류량,진이구득렬극자단원수두화류속.통과분석가득조조렬극망락삼류여평활렬극망락존재명현불동:(1)렬극망락중임일렬극단관류량계산공식불동,조조렬극적등효수력극관소우평균극관;(2)렬극내수두분포형식불동,광활렬극정직선상분포,이조조렬극정계제상분포;(3)조성렬극망락삼류전도구진적계산공식불동,조조렬극망락고필료렬극세부수력특정대삼류적영향;(4)조조렬극자단원법고필료렬극개도분포불균균대렬극과류능력적영향,경가합리. 본연구가위실제공정제공삼고.
The detail characteristics of coarse fractures has great effect on the seepage analysis of the whole study area, but in the past time, the detail characteristics of coarse fractures and its influence to seepage analysis used to be not taken into consideration. For the convenience of the seepage analysis on coarse fractures network of rock mass, the sub-element methods was proposed. In this method, each fracture is an element, and is divided in to several sub-elements. The hydraulic characteristics of fractures are controlled by the union effects of all the sub-elements in it, while its detail hydraulic characteristics can be revealed by analyzing certain sub-element. The numerical simulation for fractures aperture has been done according to the statistical distribution patterns, and the fracture has been divided into several length-equaling sub-elements, then the mean aperture for each sub-element has been calculated, and the last part is the derivation of unit discharge formula and the water head formula for sub-element. Based on the seepage theory for network of rock mass, making use of unit discharge formula for coarse fractures, then the water heads for each fracture node can be calculated, after then the following is unit discharge formula of fractures. The following conclusions can be draw from this paper: that is there are great differences between the seepage for coarse fractures network and smooth fractures network of rock mass: (1) the unit discharge formula for coarse fractures and for smooth fractures is different, and the equivalent hydro-force aperture is smaller than the mean aperture ; (2) the water head distribution for them is different, because the curve for straight smooth fracture is a straight line, but for coarse fracture is a stairs line; (3) the calculation formula for conductivity matrix is different, and the detail characteristics in coarse fracture has been taken into consideration; (4) the non-uniform for aperture distribution has been taking into consideration in the sub-element method, which is more abide by the practical engineering. The study in this paper can give some references for practical engineering.