CAJ | 학술논문

介绍了白腐真菌对多环芳烃(PAHs)的代谢途径、降解机理,阐述了白腐真菌修复PAHs污染土壤的影响因素和生态效应,并提出了提高白腐真菌修复效率的措施.白腐真菌主要通过分泌木质素降解酶系(木质家过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶和漆酶)来降解PAHs,这些胞外酶可通过开环作用把PAHs代谢成为水溶性较强的醌类中间产物,再由其他微生物降解这些中间产物直至矿化.在白腐真菌的培养过程中.通过对环境因素及营养条件(如温度、pH值、C/N比、微量元素和转速)的优化可提高胞外酶产量.在修复PAHs污染土壤过程中,生物竞争、营养条件和环境因素等均会影响白腐真菌的修复效果.同时,归纳总结了改善白腐真菌修复效果的一些措施,如真菌-细菌联合修复、添加适当的培养基质、添加表面活性剂、直接施用酶制剂和改善营养条件等.
개소료백부진균대다배방경(PAHs)적대사도경、강해궤리,천술료백부진균수복PAHs오염토양적영향인소화생태효응,병제출료제고백부진균수복효솔적조시.백부진균주요통과분비목질소강해매계(목질가과양화물매、맹과양화물매화칠매)래강해PAHs,저사포외매가통과개배작용파PAHs대사성위수용성교강적곤류중간산물,재유기타미생물강해저사중간산물직지광화.재백부진균적배양과정중.통과대배경인소급영양조건(여온도、pH치、C/N비、미량원소화전속)적우화가제고포외매산량.재수복PAHs오염토양과정중,생물경쟁、영양조건화배경인소등균회영향백부진균적수복효과.동시,귀납총결료개선백부진균수복효과적일사조시,여진균-세균연합수복、첨가괄당적배양기질、첨가표면활성제、직접시용매제제화개선영양조건등.
The paper is aimed to introduce the metabolic pathway and degradation mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by white rot fungi, and provide a detailed description of its influential factors and ecological effects. In addition, it has brought forward some enhancing measures to strengthen the remedial function of the white fungi to the contaminated soil. As is known, PAHs is a kind of persistent organic compounds with carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity, and white rot fungi enjoy special advantages in bio-remedi-ating the PAHs contaminated soil, because it helps to biodegrade PAHs mainly through ligninolytic enzyme system, including ligin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase. In addition, since extracellular enzymes can help to transform PAHs into quinines by cleavage the benzene rings, it is easier for the metabolites, which are more hydrosolable, to get biadegraded and mineralized by other microorganisms. What is more, the optimization of the environmental and nutritional conditions such as temperature, pH, C/N, trace elements and rotational speed, can all help to enhance the production of extracellular enzymes. Moreover, along with the competition of indigenous microorganisms, nutritional or environmental conditions can all influence the efficiency in biodegradation of PAHs contaminated soils.Thus, it can be concluded in this paper that some measures we have summarized, such as fungi-bacterium associated bioremediation, selecting proper solid substrates, adding up surfactants, utilization of extracellular preparation and bettering the nutritional condition, can all contribute to heightening the bioremediation efficiency.