CAJ | 학술논문

为了减少烟草仓贮害虫防治过程中磷化氢的使用量和向大气的直接排放量,考察了不同清洁隔离措施对仓内虫口数量的影响,开展了不同温度条件下低剂量磷化铝熏蒸试验及熏蒸余气磷化氢的化学吸收处理试验.结果发现:1)隔离仓间内的虫口数量远低于普通仓间;2)在夏季较高温度条件下,磷化铝熏蒸的用药量可以由常规的6.0 g/m~3左右降低至4.0 g/m~3左右;3)饱和漂粉精溶液能有效吸收磷化氢,但在大规模试验中难以实现一次性的彻底净化.研究表明,减少磷化氢的使用量和排放量,应当从加强清洁隔离、适当降低磷化铝熏蒸的单位体积用药量、对熏蒸余气进行净化处理等三个方面采取综合措施.
위료감소연초창저해충방치과정중린화경적사용량화향대기적직접배방량,고찰료불동청길격리조시대창내충구수량적영향,개전료불동온도조건하저제량린화려훈증시험급훈증여기린화경적화학흡수처리시험.결과발현:1)격리창간내적충구수량원저우보통창간;2)재하계교고온도조건하,린화려훈증적용약량가이유상규적6.0 g/m~3좌우강저지4.0 g/m~3좌우;3)포화표분정용액능유효흡수린화경,단재대규모시험중난이실현일차성적철저정화.연구표명,감소린화경적사용량화배방량,응당종가강청길격리、괄당강저린화려훈증적단위체적용약량、대훈증여기진행정화처리등삼개방면채취종합조시.
In order to reduce the usage and the direct emission of phosphine into the atmosphere during insect control process in tobacco storage, we investigated the effect of different cleaning and isolate measures on insect population, and conducted an experiment on low-dose aluminium phosphide fumigation at different temperatures and the chemical absorption experiment of phosphine.The results showed that the insect population in isolated warehouses was lower than that in the ordinary warehouses, and at high temperature in summer, the conventional aluminium phosphide unit dosage 6.0 g/m~3 could be reduced to about 4.0g/m~3; while the saturated calcium oxychloride solution proved moderately effective in reducing phosphine, although not completely.We suggest that comprehensive consideration is necessary in reducing the usage and the direct release of phosphine into the atmosphere, with the measures of warehouse sanitation, fumigation with low fumigant unit dosage and phosphine decontamination after fumigation.