中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2010年
2期
134-139
,共6页
杨艳芳%叶运莉%李婷%刘潇霞%袁萍
楊豔芳%葉運莉%李婷%劉瀟霞%袁萍
양염방%협운리%리정%류소하%원평
应激障碍%创伤后%社会支持%自然灾害%横断面研究%心理测定学
應激障礙%創傷後%社會支持%自然災害%橫斷麵研究%心理測定學
응격장애%창상후%사회지지%자연재해%횡단면연구%심리측정학
Stress disorders%post-traumatic%Social support%Natural disasters%Cross-sectional studies%Psychometrics
目的 了解汶川大地震后3个月重灾区中学生的心理状况.方法 选取汶川大地震重灾区3所中学共38个班级的1966名学生,采用创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD)症状清单平民版筛查PTSD阳性,同时采用领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale, PSSS)判断领悟社会支持程度.结果 共收回有效问卷1958份.PTSD筛查总阳性率为78.29%(1533/1958).女生PTSD阳性率为82.30%(851/1034),高于男生[73.92%(683/924),χ~2=20.22,P<0.01];少数民族学生PTSD阳性率为80.27%(1375/1713),高于汉族学生[64.98%(154/237),χ~2=28.75,P<0.01];农村学生FISD阳性率为83.52%(872/1044),高于城镇学生[72.43%(662/914),χ~2=35.37,P<0.01];地震中受伤者PTSD阳性率为90.38%(94/104),高于未受伤者[77.66%(1439/1853),χ~2=9.40,P<0.01].研究对象领悟家庭内支持和领悟社会支持总体程度较高,得分中位数分别为21分和60分,领悟家庭外支持处于中等水平,得分中位数为39分.研究对象PTSD严重程度与总体领悟社会支持、领悟家庭内支持、领悟家庭外支持的得分之间存在线性负相关(r值分别为-0.191、-0.130、-0.190,P值均<0.01).结论 重灾区中学生灾后PTSD阳性率高,且不同特征学生症状与严重程度不同,良好的社会支持能减少PTSD的发生.
目的 瞭解汶川大地震後3箇月重災區中學生的心理狀況.方法 選取汶川大地震重災區3所中學共38箇班級的1966名學生,採用創傷後應激障礙(post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD)癥狀清單平民版篩查PTSD暘性,同時採用領悟社會支持量錶(perceived social support scale, PSSS)判斷領悟社會支持程度.結果 共收迴有效問捲1958份.PTSD篩查總暘性率為78.29%(1533/1958).女生PTSD暘性率為82.30%(851/1034),高于男生[73.92%(683/924),χ~2=20.22,P<0.01];少數民族學生PTSD暘性率為80.27%(1375/1713),高于漢族學生[64.98%(154/237),χ~2=28.75,P<0.01];農村學生FISD暘性率為83.52%(872/1044),高于城鎮學生[72.43%(662/914),χ~2=35.37,P<0.01];地震中受傷者PTSD暘性率為90.38%(94/104),高于未受傷者[77.66%(1439/1853),χ~2=9.40,P<0.01].研究對象領悟傢庭內支持和領悟社會支持總體程度較高,得分中位數分彆為21分和60分,領悟傢庭外支持處于中等水平,得分中位數為39分.研究對象PTSD嚴重程度與總體領悟社會支持、領悟傢庭內支持、領悟傢庭外支持的得分之間存在線性負相關(r值分彆為-0.191、-0.130、-0.190,P值均<0.01).結論 重災區中學生災後PTSD暘性率高,且不同特徵學生癥狀與嚴重程度不同,良好的社會支持能減少PTSD的髮生.
목적 료해문천대지진후3개월중재구중학생적심리상황.방법 선취문천대지진중재구3소중학공38개반급적1966명학생,채용창상후응격장애(post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD)증상청단평민판사사PTSD양성,동시채용령오사회지지량표(perceived social support scale, PSSS)판단령오사회지지정도.결과 공수회유효문권1958빈.PTSD사사총양성솔위78.29%(1533/1958).녀생PTSD양성솔위82.30%(851/1034),고우남생[73.92%(683/924),χ~2=20.22,P<0.01];소수민족학생PTSD양성솔위80.27%(1375/1713),고우한족학생[64.98%(154/237),χ~2=28.75,P<0.01];농촌학생FISD양성솔위83.52%(872/1044),고우성진학생[72.43%(662/914),χ~2=35.37,P<0.01];지진중수상자PTSD양성솔위90.38%(94/104),고우미수상자[77.66%(1439/1853),χ~2=9.40,P<0.01].연구대상령오가정내지지화령오사회지지총체정도교고,득분중위수분별위21분화60분,령오가정외지지처우중등수평,득분중위수위39분.연구대상PTSD엄중정도여총체령오사회지지、령오가정내지지、령오가정외지지적득분지간존재선성부상관(r치분별위-0.191、-0.130、-0.190,P치균<0.01).결론 중재구중학생재후PTSD양성솔고,차불동특정학생증상여엄중정도불동,량호적사회지지능감소PTSD적발생.
Objective To investigate mental health status among middle school students in Wenchuan earthquake region three months after the earthquake. Methods 38 classes of 3 middle schools in the disaster region were selected and 1966 students were invited to participate the investigation. The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist-civilian version was used to screen positive PTSD, and the perceived social support scale (PSSS) was used to evaluate the level of perceived social support. Results 1958 valid questionnaires were selected. The general positive rate of PTSD was 78. 29% (1533/1958). PTSD prevalence of the girls was 82. 30% (851/1034), higher than that of the boys (73.92% (683/924),χ~2 = 20. 22,P < 0. 01) ; the rate of the minority students was 80. 27% (1375/1713), higher than that of the Han students (64. 98% (1.54/237), χ~2= 28.75, P < 0. 01) ; the rate of the rural students was 83.52% (872/1044), higher than that of the urban students (72.43% (662/914), χ~2= 35.37, P < 0. 01) ; the rate of those who were injured in the quake was 90. 38% (94/104) ,higher than that of the uninjured(77.66% (1439/1853), χ~2= 9. 40, P < 0. 01). The level of perceived social support and family support of the subjects was high while outside family support was average. The medians of the score were 21,60 and 39, respectively. The severity of PTSD was negatively correlated with perceived social support, and perceived support within and outside family (r values were -0. 191, -0. 130 and -0. 190 respectively,all P values < 0. 01). Conclusion The incidence rate of PTSD is high among the middle school students in disaster region.The symptoms and severity of PTSD are different in the middle school students with different characteristics. Moreover, the more perceived social support they obtain, the better health status they keep.
