中华精神科杂志
中華精神科雜誌
중화정신과잡지
CHINESE JOURNA OF PSYCHIATRY
2009年
4期
231-234
,共4页
刘永翼%郑毅%韩书文%崔永华
劉永翼%鄭毅%韓書文%崔永華
류영익%정의%한서문%최영화
抽搐性运动障碍%学生%患病率%横断面调查
抽搐性運動障礙%學生%患病率%橫斷麵調查
추휵성운동장애%학생%환병솔%횡단면조사
Tic disorders%Student%Prevalence%Cross-sectional studies
目的 了解大兴区中小学生抽动障碍(TD)的流行病学分布及就医、治疗状况.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样法,从大兴区6～16岁中小学生中抽取部分学生进行TD的横断面调查.根据TD国内外研究现况,制定TD初筛问卷,收集学生临床资料,对筛查阳性者及学校教师或同学报告有类似症状者进行面谈及临床评估.采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版中TD标准进行诊断和分类.结果 TD总患病率为2.26%.其中短暂性抽动障碍(TT)、慢性运动性抽动或发声抽动(CMVT)、发声与多种运动联合抽动障碍(TS)的患病率分别为1.05%、0.73%和0.47%.男生TD患病率3.39%,女生1.04%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.883,P＜0.001),患病率比3.27:1(95%可信区问为2.00～5.60).TD的3种临床亚型的患病率均表现为男生高于女生(TTχ~2=12.808,P＜0.001;CMVT χ~2=6.042,P=0.014;TSχ~2=4.861,P=0.027);平均发病年龄(8.0±2.0)岁,发病高峰年龄为5.5～12.0岁;各年龄组患病率以8～9岁组最高.86例TD患者仅16例(19%)因抽动症状就医,就医者中仅5例得到正确诊治.结论 TD在大兴区中小学生中较多见,男生患病率高于女生.疾病早期就医率低,正确治疗率低.
目的 瞭解大興區中小學生抽動障礙(TD)的流行病學分佈及就醫、治療狀況.方法 採用分層整群隨機抽樣法,從大興區6～16歲中小學生中抽取部分學生進行TD的橫斷麵調查.根據TD國內外研究現況,製定TD初篩問捲,收集學生臨床資料,對篩查暘性者及學校教師或同學報告有類似癥狀者進行麵談及臨床評估.採用美國精神障礙診斷與統計手冊第4版中TD標準進行診斷和分類.結果 TD總患病率為2.26%.其中短暫性抽動障礙(TT)、慢性運動性抽動或髮聲抽動(CMVT)、髮聲與多種運動聯閤抽動障礙(TS)的患病率分彆為1.05%、0.73%和0.47%.男生TD患病率3.39%,女生1.04%,差異有統計學意義(χ~2=23.883,P＜0.001),患病率比3.27:1(95%可信區問為2.00～5.60).TD的3種臨床亞型的患病率均錶現為男生高于女生(TTχ~2=12.808,P＜0.001;CMVT χ~2=6.042,P=0.014;TSχ~2=4.861,P=0.027);平均髮病年齡(8.0±2.0)歲,髮病高峰年齡為5.5～12.0歲;各年齡組患病率以8～9歲組最高.86例TD患者僅16例(19%)因抽動癥狀就醫,就醫者中僅5例得到正確診治.結論 TD在大興區中小學生中較多見,男生患病率高于女生.疾病早期就醫率低,正確治療率低.
목적 료해대흥구중소학생추동장애(TD)적류행병학분포급취의、치료상황.방법 채용분층정군수궤추양법,종대흥구6～16세중소학생중추취부분학생진행TD적횡단면조사.근거TD국내외연구현황,제정TD초사문권,수집학생림상자료,대사사양성자급학교교사혹동학보고유유사증상자진행면담급림상평고.채용미국정신장애진단여통계수책제4판중TD표준진행진단화분류.결과 TD총환병솔위2.26%.기중단잠성추동장애(TT)、만성운동성추동혹발성추동(CMVT)、발성여다충운동연합추동장애(TS)적환병솔분별위1.05%、0.73%화0.47%.남생TD환병솔3.39%,녀생1.04%,차이유통계학의의(χ~2=23.883,P＜0.001),환병솔비3.27:1(95%가신구문위2.00～5.60).TD적3충림상아형적환병솔균표현위남생고우녀생(TTχ~2=12.808,P＜0.001;CMVT χ~2=6.042,P=0.014;TSχ~2=4.861,P=0.027);평균발병년령(8.0±2.0)세,발병고봉년령위5.5～12.0세;각년령조환병솔이8～9세조최고.86례TD환자부16례(19%)인추동증상취의,취의자중부5례득도정학진치.결론 TD재대흥구중소학생중교다견,남생환병솔고우녀생.질병조기취의솔저,정학치료솔저.
Objective To study the epidemiological distribution and treatment of tic disorders (TD)among children in primary and secondary school of Daxing district.Methods Using stratified-cluster random sampling techniques,4020 children aged 6-16 years were selected from 61 836 primary or secondary schoolchildren in Daxing district.The children and their parents were asked to fill in a selfdesigned questionnaire including both motor and vocal tics and general demographic data.The children who reported with tic symptoms as well as those who were reported by their teachers or classmates were surveyed,and the diagnosis of TD was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition criteria.Results The prevalence rate of TD in this sample was 2.26%with 3.39% in males and 1.04%in females.The prevalence of transient tic disorders(TT),chronic motor or voeal tic disorders (CMVT),Tourette syndrome(TS)were 1.05%,0.73% and 0.47% respectively with the highest rate among 8-9 year olds.The mean onset age of TD was(8.0±2.0)years,with the peak onset age of 5.512.0 year olds.Among 86 TD children,only 16(18.6%)children were accompanied to hospital because of tics,and only 5 were diagnosed and treated correctly by professionals.Conclusion TD is a fairly common disorder among schoolchildren in Daxing district,with high rate of misdiagnosis.Physicians should be trained to identify and treat the syndromes as early as possible.
