CAJ | 학술논문

二氧化硅气凝胶是目前世界上最轻的固体材料,它是由胶体粒子相互聚集构成的一种结构可控的轻质纳米多孔非晶态材料.因此,对二氧化硅气凝胶的研究越来越广泛,而制备的条件是研究它们的关键.本文采用四因素三水平的正交试验研究＂两步＂溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化硅气凝胶的最佳制备条件,并研究了乙醇、酸水、碱水、放置时间四因素对二氧化硅气凝胶性能的影响,结果表明：选择TEOS∶EtOH∶水（草酸）∶水（氨水）=1∶5∶3∶2（摩尔比）且最佳时间间隔为24 h可以制备出性能相对良好的气凝胶.
이양화규기응효시목전세계상최경적고체재료,타시유효체입자상호취집구성적일충결구가공적경질납미다공비정태재료.인차,대이양화규기응효적연구월래월엄범,이제비적조건시연구타문적관건.본문채용사인소삼수평적정교시험연구＂량보＂용효-응효법제비이양화규기응효적최가제비조건,병연구료을순、산수、감수、방치시간사인소대이양화규기응효성능적영향,결과표명：선택TEOS∶EtOH∶수（초산）∶수（안수）=1∶5∶3∶2（마이비）차최가시간간격위24 h가이제비출성능상대량호적기응효.
Nowerdays,silica aerogels are the lightest solid material in the world,they are porous amorphous nano materials with a controlled structure which are composed of colloidal particle.So,the studies of silica aerogels have been more and more extensive.But the key of studying is the preparation conditions.In this paper,the orthogonal experiment had been designed by using four factors and three levels to study their optimal preparation conditions which prepared by two-step sol-gel method at ambient pressure,and the influences of the four factors ethanol,acid water,alkaline water,storage time to silica aerogels properties had also been studied.The results showed that the aerogels which prepared at the conditions of TEOS∶EtOH∶water（oxalic acid）∶water（ammonia）=1∶5∶3∶2（molar ratio） and the best time interval for 24 h had better properties.