CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨长期定位试验田不同耕作方式下土壤氮素矿化和硝化特征,采用室内恒温通气培养法,保持土壤田间持水量在65%条件下,测定不同耕作方式下表层土壤(0～20cm)在不同温度下的NH_4~+和NO_4~-含量,并计算氮素矿化量和硝化率.结果表明,随着温度的升高,土壤氮素矿化和硝化作用均增强,几种耕作方式下土壤氮素矿化和硝化作用均表现为35℃>30℃>25℃.保护性耕作与水旱轮作和常规平作之间的矿化量存在显著的差异,垄作免耕>厢作免耕>水旱轮作>常规平作.土壤氮素最终硝化率达到了60%～80%,表现为常规平作最高,水旱轮作次之,厢作免耕最低.矿化率与土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效磷对数均成显著正相关,相关系数分别为r~2=0.99,r~2=0.97,r~2=0.96,Ph是影响硝化作用的重要因素,硝化率与土壤Ph成显著正相关,r~2=0.991.
위탐토장기정위시험전불동경작방식하토양담소광화화초화특정,채용실내항온통기배양법,보지토양전간지수량재65%조건하,측정불동경작방식하표층토양(0～20cm)재불동온도하적NH_4~+화NO_4~-함량,병계산담소광화량화초화솔.결과표명,수착온도적승고,토양담소광화화초화작용균증강,궤충경작방식하토양담소광화화초화작용균표현위35℃>30℃>25℃.보호성경작여수한륜작화상규평작지간적광화량존재현저적차이,롱작면경>상작면경>수한륜작>상규평작.토양담소최종초화솔체도료60%～80%,표현위상규평작최고,수한륜작차지,상작면경최저.광화솔여토양유궤질、감해담화속효린대수균성현저정상관,상관계수분별위r~2=0.99,r~2=0.97,r~2=0.96,Ph시영향초화작용적중요인소,초화솔여토양Ph성현저정상관,r~2=0.991.
To explore the difference of soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification between the no-tillage and conventional tillage soils in long-term experimental fields, an indoor heated aerobic incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the NH_4~+ and NO_3~- of the protection of surface soil (0～20 cm) at different temperatures, with 65% water holding capacity, and also calculate the nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates. Result showed that with the increasing of temperature, soil mineralization and nitrifi-cation were increased. Soil mineralization aad nitrification were expressed as 35 ℃> 30 ℃> 25℃.At the same time, there was sig-nificantly difference between conservation tillage and farming methods in soil mineralization, no-tillage and ridge culture > no-tillage and plain culture > Paddy-Upland rotation > conventional flatten culture. The final nitrification rate reached 60%～80%, conventional flatten culture > Paddy-Upland rotation > no-tillage and ridge culture > no-tillage and plain culture. Mineralization rate of soil was significantly related to soil organic matter content, soil mineral N content and soil available P, r~2 = 0.99, r~2= 0.97, r~2 = 0.96, soil pH was an important factor to influence soil nitrification, nitrification rate of soil was significantly correlated with soil pH, r~2=0.991.