CAJ | 학술논문

水体溶解氧浓度低于2 mg/L时,通常称水体为低氧或缺氧(hypoxia).目前,中国的长江口等许多河口及近岸海域的底层水体出现了季节性低氧区,这些低氧区对鱼类等水生动物及海洋生态环境的影响目前仍不十分清楚,这应引起政府及研究部门的关注.本文综述了低氧区的成因,分析了低氧对水生动物的影响,特别是近年来研究较多的水生动物对低氧的分子响应研究进展,最后综述了低氧对海洋生态系统的影响.我国未来的研究应注重低氧区海洋物理、海洋生物等基础数据的收集,同时,要加强低氧区对我国主要渔场影响的研究.
수체용해양농도저우2 mg/L시,통상칭수체위저양혹결양(hypoxia).목전,중국적장강구등허다하구급근안해역적저층수체출현료계절성저양구,저사저양구대어류등수생동물급해양생태배경적영향목전잉불십분청초,저응인기정부급연구부문적관주.본문종술료저양구적성인,분석료저양대수생동물적영향,특별시근년래연구교다적수생동물대저양적분자향응연구진전,최후종술료저양대해양생태계통적영향.아국미래적연구응주중저양구해양물리、해양생물등기출수거적수집,동시,요가강저양구대아국주요어장영향적연구.
Hypoxia is defined as dissolved oxygen less than 2 mg/L in the water. In recent years, due to excessive anthropogenic input of nutrients, organic matters, and global warming, hypoxia zones have been expanding year by year all over the world. Hypoxia has threatened the survival of marine animals, destroyed marine ecosystem and reduced fishing production. In this paper, we analyzed the causes of hypoxia and its' effects on marine animals and ecosystem. Hypoxia mainly results from the accumulative oxygen consumption of organism and density stratification of the water column, which restricts water exchange and oxygen supply. However, in more cases hypoxia is due to excessive anthropogenic input of nutrients and organic matters into water bodies where there is poor circulation. This paper also reviewed the effects of hypoxia on marine animals. Hypoxia affects survival, growth, reproduction, behavior, physiology and some gene expression of aquatic animals. Hypoxia changes the composition and structure of marine benthic community, and also alters the structure of food chain and energy flow of marine ecosystem. Finally, we prospected the research development tendency.