CAJ | 학술논문

应用RAPD标记技术对分布于新疆阜康荒漠的重要植物红砂(Reaumuria soongorica(Pall.)Maxim)种群遗传结构和遗传多样性进行了分析.15条随机引物对红砂7个亚种群的136个个体进行扩增,共检测71个位点,其中多态位点69个.研究结果表明:红砂种群的多态位点比率(PPB)为97.18%,显示出分布于过渡带的红砂种群内存在较高的遗传多样性.Shannon多样性指数(0.307 5)、Nei基因多样性指数(0.312 7)和基因分化系数(GST=0.312 0)揭示了红砂种群遗传变异多存在于亚种群内,而亚种群间的遗传分化则较小.红砂亚种群间的基因流Nm=1.102 8,Nm＞1但低于一般风媒传粉植物(Nm=5.24)的基因流水平,处于分化的临界状态.AMOVA分析说明红砂种群变异的61.58%存在于亚种群内,而亚种群间的变异占总变异的38.02%.另外,通过RAPD资料的聚类分析及相关性分析研究,发现红砂自然种群的遗传结构与绿洲荒漠过渡带的微生境生态因子(主要是土壤因子)相关,其中红砂亚种群遗传多样性水平与土壤中全磷和Cl含量呈显著负相关,与 C023含量呈显著正相关.而其它土壤生态因子则与红砂的遗传多样性指数的相关性均不显著(P＞0.05).表明红砂个体的分布可能与过渡带上壤的某些易溶性盐分相关.研究还发现,随着土壤中有机质、水分、全氮和全磷含量的减少,红砂种群的遗传多样性水平有上升的趋势.这可能与荒漠植物为了适应恶劣环境而在长期进化中产生更大的遗传变异潜力有关.本试验结果也进一步证实分布于较小范围内的红砂亚种群间的遗传距离、遗传多样性与亚种群的地理距离(经纬度差异)大小无显著的相关性.研究表明微生境的生态因子在红砂种群的适应性进化中起着重要的作用.
응용RAPD표기기술대분포우신강부강황막적중요식물홍사(Reaumuria soongorica(Pall.)Maxim)충군유전결구화유전다양성진행료분석.15조수궤인물대홍사7개아충군적136개개체진행확증,공검측71개위점,기중다태위점69개.연구결과표명:홍사충군적다태위점비솔(PPB)위97.18%,현시출분포우과도대적홍사충군내존재교고적유전다양성.Shannon다양성지수(0.307 5)、Nei기인다양성지수(0.312 7)화기인분화계수(GST=0.312 0)게시료홍사충군유전변이다존재우아충군내,이아충군간적유전분화칙교소.홍사아충군간적기인류Nm=1.102 8,Nm＞1단저우일반풍매전분식물(Nm=5.24)적기인류수평,처우분화적림계상태.AMOVA분석설명홍사충군변이적61.58%존재우아충군내,이아충군간적변이점총변이적38.02%.령외,통과RAPD자료적취류분석급상관성분석연구,발현홍사자연충군적유전결구여록주황막과도대적미생경생태인자(주요시토양인자)상관,기중홍사아충군유전다양성수평여토양중전린화Cl함량정현저부상관,여 C023함량정현저정상관.이기타토양생태인자칙여홍사적유전다양성지수적상관성균불현저(P＞0.05).표명홍사개체적분포가능여과도대상양적모사역용성염분상관.연구환발현,수착토양중유궤질、수분、전담화전린함량적감소,홍사충군적유전다양성수평유상승적추세.저가능여황막식물위료괄응악렬배경이재장기진화중산생경대적유전변이잠력유관.본시험결과야진일보증실분포우교소범위내적홍사아충군간적유전거리、유전다양성여아충군적지리거리(경위도차이)대소무현저적상관성.연구표명미생경적생태인자재홍사충군적괄응성진화중기착중요적작용.
Genetic structure and differentiation of Reaumuria soongorica (Pall.) Maxim population fromthe desert of Fukang, Xinjiang, were assessed by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)markers. High genetic diversity and differentiation were revealed in the population of R. soongorica by 15random primers. One hundred and thirty-six individuals from seven subpopulations were sampled in thestudy. Seventy-one loci have been detected, and among them 69 were polymorphic. The mean proportionof polymorphic loci (PPB) was 97.18%. The analyses of Shannon information index (0.307 5), Nei's genediversity (0.312 7) and GST (0.312 0) indicated that there were more genetic variations within the subpopu-lations than those among the subpopulations. The results of AMOVA analysis showed that 61.58% of thegenetic variations existed within subpopulations, and 38.02% among the subpopulations. The gene flowamong the subpopulations of R. soongorica (Nm = 1.102 8) was much less than that of the commonanemophytes (Nm = 5.24), so genetic differentiation among the subpopulations occurred to some extent.Additionally, through the use of clustering and the correlation analyses, we found that the genetic struc-ture of natural population of R. soongorica was related to some ecological factors (soil factors mainly) ofthe oasis-desert transition zone. The genetic diversity level of R. soongorica had negative correlation withthe content of total soil P and Cl- significantly (P＜ 0.05). On the contrary, it had significant positivecorrelation with CO2-3 (P＜ 0.05), showing that the distribution of the individuals of R. soongorica in thesampled areas correlates with certain soluble salt. Furthermore, the genetic diversity of the naturalpopulation of R. soongorica increased with the decreasing of the content of soil organic matters, water,total N and total P in soil. The paper concluded that the microenvironment ecological factors played animportant role in the adaptive evolution of R. soongorica population.