CAJ | 학술논문

含植物水流的涡量场构成了水生动物生境的物理基础,形成水、物质的循环以及能量的分配过程.本文通过玻璃水槽试验用二维标准PIV测量研究了含淹没刚性植物二维垂直涡量场的分布,得出流速梯度是形成含植物水流涡量的关键因素.植物顶层附近对水流的干扰大,因而流速梯度大;涡量最大值出现在淹没刚性植物顶层以下约30%处;植物顶层处,涡量绝对值大,拟熵大,能量耗散率也高.植物顶层是造成水流紊动耗散的主要原因.
함식물수류적와량장구성료수생동물생경적물리기출,형성수、물질적순배이급능량적분배과정.본문통과파리수조시험용이유표준PIV측량연구료함엄몰강성식물이유수직와량장적분포,득출류속제도시형성함식물수류와량적관건인소.식물정층부근대수류적간우대,인이류속제도대;와량최대치출현재엄몰강성식물정층이하약30%처;식물정층처,와량절대치대,의적대,능량모산솔야고.식물정층시조성수류문동모산적주요원인.
The vortex field composes physics base for aquatic environment. It forms the cycles of water, substance and affects the process of energy distribution. The two dimensional vertical vortex of water flow with submerged rigid vegetation was studied by PIV in water flume test. The velocity grads distribution is the main factor of water flow vortex creation with vegetation. The flow disturbance is very large near the top of submerged rigid vegetation, so that the velocity grad is large. And the maximum vortex value is occurred under the top layer at about 30% of the relative vegetation height. Near the top area, the absolute value of vorticity is large, the imitate entropy is large too, and the energy dissipation rate is large too. The top area of submerged rigid vegetation is the main factor of turbulent diffusion.