CAJ | 학술논문

本文以黄土高原泾河流域上游固原市为例,采用农户问卷调查和参与式社区评估方法,研究农户对生态系统服务认知及消费,并对两种方法认知结果进行比较分析.研究发现,农户问卷调查方法农户认知到食物供给、净化空气、净化环境、水土保持、供给洁净水、减少自然灾害、提高收入、薪柴供给、景观愉悦、牧草供给和防风固沙11项生态系统服务,农户日常对生态系统服务的占有和消耗及生态系统服务对农户的重要性程度影响农户对生态系统服务的认知；参与式社区评估(PRA)方法农户可以充分进行信息交流与讨论,与农户问卷调查法相比对生物多样性服务有了认知.研究区生态系统服务发生很大变化,食物供给和薪柴供给服务明显减弱,收入增加；受生态系统服务变化及收入水平的影响,农户食物和能源消费存在明显时空差异,总体而言,农户食物消费总量下降,大部分农户薪柴消费数量减少,农户对蔬菜、肉类、煤炭、天然气等的消费量增加.
본문이황토고원경하류역상유고원시위례,채용농호문권조사화삼여식사구평고방법,연구농호대생태계통복무인지급소비,병대량충방법인지결과진행비교분석.연구발현,농호문권조사방법농호인지도식물공급、정화공기、정화배경、수토보지、공급길정수、감소자연재해、제고수입、신시공급、경관유열、목초공급화방풍고사11항생태계통복무,농호일상대생태계통복무적점유화소모급생태계통복무대농호적중요성정도영향농호대생태계통복무적인지；삼여식사구평고(PRA)방법농호가이충분진행신식교류여토론,여농호문권조사법상비대생물다양성복무유료인지.연구구생태계통복무발생흔대변화,식물공급화신시공급복무명현감약,수입증가；수생태계통복무변화급수입수평적영향,농호식물화능원소비존재명현시공차이,총체이언,농호식물소비총량하강,대부분농호신시소비수량감소,농호대소채、육류、매탄、천연기등적소비량증가.
This paper presents cognitive awareness levels of ecosystem services and their consumption by farmers in Guyuan City,which lies in the Jinghe watershed.Household Surveys and Participatory Rural Assessment(PRA)were used to determine differences in farmers cognitive awareness levels.The household survey results showed that farmers have a cognitive awareness of 11 ecosystem services:food supply,air purification,environmental purification,soil and water conservation,clean water supply,natural disaster minimization,increasing income,fuel wood supply,aesthetic recreation,fodder supply and sand stabilization.The job-related requirements of a farmers' daily life,their direct consumption of ecosystem services and the importance of ecosystem services to them all influence their cognitive awareness of ecosystem services.Through group interviews the PRA method can provide the opportunity for information exchange and discussion.The process can help farmers to gain more cognitive awareness of ecosystem services.Large changes in ecosystem services have been observed in the study area.Food production and fuel wood supply have decreased markedly,yet incomes have increased.Spatial and temporal variables,changes in ecosystem services and the level of income all have an impact on farmers' food supply and resource consumption.Overall,the total consumption of food(cereal and potato)and fuel wood declines for most farmers and consumption of vegetables,meat,coals and gas have increased.