中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2011年
9期
810-814
,共5页
于燕%杨爱民%张敬华%胡森科%颜虹
于燕%楊愛民%張敬華%鬍森科%顏虹
우연%양애민%장경화%호삼과%안홍
敌敌畏%乐果%马拉硫磷%农药%毒性试验
敵敵畏%樂果%馬拉硫燐%農藥%毒性試驗
활활외%악과%마랍류린%농약%독성시험
Dichlorovos%Dimethoate%Malathion%Pesticides%Toxicity tests
目的 研究敌敌畏、乐果和马拉硫磷混合染毒后对雄性小鼠生殖功能影响的特点和可能机制。方法 将105只雄性ICR小鼠按体重分层随机分成7组，每组15只，即对照组(0 mg/kg)，敌敌畏、乐果和马拉硫磷混合低( 10.8 mg/kg)、中(21.5mg/kg)、高剂量组(43.0 mg/kg)，以及敌敌畏组(5.1 mg/kg)、乐果组(12.6 mg/kg)和马拉硫磷组(25.3 mg/kg)，经口连续灌胃染毒35 d，每天1次。染毒第36天后处死动物。测量小鼠体重、精子活力，观察精子数量及精子畸形率，检测血清中性激素[包括睾酮(T)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)等]的水平，并观察睾丸及附睾的病理及电镜下改变。结果 染毒后第14天，混合高剂量组小鼠体重[(22.40±3.07)g]低于对照组[(26.73±2.82)g](P＜0.05)；染毒后第28天，混合中剂量组小鼠体重[(30.00±4.93)g]亦低于对照组[(33.13±3.29)g](P ＜0.05)。混合中、高剂量组精子数[分别为(321.17±18.19)×106/g附睾重、(225.00±19.67)×106/g附睾重]和精子活力[分别为(64.67±9.91)％、(57.83±9.66)％]均低于对照组[分别为( 373.33±14.65)× 106/g附睾重、(75.17±7.68)％](P值均＜0.05)；精子畸形率[分别为(43.33 ±8.66)‰、(55.00±13.80)‰]高于对照组[(32.67±8.17)‰]（P值均＜0.05）；与对照组相比[FSH、E2、LH、T分别为(1.41±0.20)、(17.32±2.72)、(8.75±1.32)、（3.45±0.80）nmol/L]，混合中、高剂量组小鼠血清中FSH[分别为(3.14±0.62)、(3.85±0.37) nmol/L]、E2[分别为(36.81±6.68)、（43.76±9.82）nmol/L]水平升高（P值均＜0.01），LH[分别为(5.21 ±1.23)、(4.27±1.09) nmol/L]、T[分别为(1.37±0.38)、(0.73±0.18)nmol/L]水平降低（P值均＜0.01）。混合高剂量组小鼠睾丸成熟精子数减少，并可见结构异常的精子头、精子尾。结论 敌敌畏、乐果和马拉硫磷混合联合染毒可直接损害小鼠睾丸及附睾的结构和功能，而导致生殖细胞生成过程异常；并导致下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴性激素的分泌紊乱。
目的 研究敵敵畏、樂果和馬拉硫燐混閤染毒後對雄性小鼠生殖功能影響的特點和可能機製。方法 將105隻雄性ICR小鼠按體重分層隨機分成7組，每組15隻，即對照組(0 mg/kg)，敵敵畏、樂果和馬拉硫燐混閤低( 10.8 mg/kg)、中(21.5mg/kg)、高劑量組(43.0 mg/kg)，以及敵敵畏組(5.1 mg/kg)、樂果組(12.6 mg/kg)和馬拉硫燐組(25.3 mg/kg)，經口連續灌胃染毒35 d，每天1次。染毒第36天後處死動物。測量小鼠體重、精子活力，觀察精子數量及精子畸形率，檢測血清中性激素[包括睪酮(T)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黃體生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)等]的水平，併觀察睪汍及附睪的病理及電鏡下改變。結果 染毒後第14天，混閤高劑量組小鼠體重[(22.40±3.07)g]低于對照組[(26.73±2.82)g](P＜0.05)；染毒後第28天，混閤中劑量組小鼠體重[(30.00±4.93)g]亦低于對照組[(33.13±3.29)g](P ＜0.05)。混閤中、高劑量組精子數[分彆為(321.17±18.19)×106/g附睪重、(225.00±19.67)×106/g附睪重]和精子活力[分彆為(64.67±9.91)％、(57.83±9.66)％]均低于對照組[分彆為( 373.33±14.65)× 106/g附睪重、(75.17±7.68)％](P值均＜0.05)；精子畸形率[分彆為(43.33 ±8.66)‰、(55.00±13.80)‰]高于對照組[(32.67±8.17)‰]（P值均＜0.05）；與對照組相比[FSH、E2、LH、T分彆為(1.41±0.20)、(17.32±2.72)、(8.75±1.32)、（3.45±0.80）nmol/L]，混閤中、高劑量組小鼠血清中FSH[分彆為(3.14±0.62)、(3.85±0.37) nmol/L]、E2[分彆為(36.81±6.68)、（43.76±9.82）nmol/L]水平升高（P值均＜0.01），LH[分彆為(5.21 ±1.23)、(4.27±1.09) nmol/L]、T[分彆為(1.37±0.38)、(0.73±0.18)nmol/L]水平降低（P值均＜0.01）。混閤高劑量組小鼠睪汍成熟精子數減少，併可見結構異常的精子頭、精子尾。結論 敵敵畏、樂果和馬拉硫燐混閤聯閤染毒可直接損害小鼠睪汍及附睪的結構和功能，而導緻生殖細胞生成過程異常；併導緻下丘腦-垂體-性腺軸性激素的分泌紊亂。
목적 연구활활외、악과화마랍류린혼합염독후대웅성소서생식공능영향적특점화가능궤제。방법 장105지웅성ICR소서안체중분층수궤분성7조，매조15지，즉대조조(0 mg/kg)，활활외、악과화마랍류린혼합저( 10.8 mg/kg)、중(21.5mg/kg)、고제량조(43.0 mg/kg)，이급활활외조(5.1 mg/kg)、악과조(12.6 mg/kg)화마랍류린조(25.3 mg/kg)，경구련속관위염독35 d，매천1차。염독제36천후처사동물。측량소서체중、정자활력，관찰정자수량급정자기형솔，검측혈청중성격소[포괄고동(T)、란포자격소(FSH)、황체생성소(LH)、자이순(E2)등]적수평，병관찰고환급부고적병리급전경하개변。결과 염독후제14천，혼합고제량조소서체중[(22.40±3.07)g]저우대조조[(26.73±2.82)g](P＜0.05)；염독후제28천，혼합중제량조소서체중[(30.00±4.93)g]역저우대조조[(33.13±3.29)g](P ＜0.05)。혼합중、고제량조정자수[분별위(321.17±18.19)×106/g부고중、(225.00±19.67)×106/g부고중]화정자활력[분별위(64.67±9.91)％、(57.83±9.66)％]균저우대조조[분별위( 373.33±14.65)× 106/g부고중、(75.17±7.68)％](P치균＜0.05)；정자기형솔[분별위(43.33 ±8.66)‰、(55.00±13.80)‰]고우대조조[(32.67±8.17)‰]（P치균＜0.05）；여대조조상비[FSH、E2、LH、T분별위(1.41±0.20)、(17.32±2.72)、(8.75±1.32)、（3.45±0.80）nmol/L]，혼합중、고제량조소서혈청중FSH[분별위(3.14±0.62)、(3.85±0.37) nmol/L]、E2[분별위(36.81±6.68)、（43.76±9.82）nmol/L]수평승고（P치균＜0.01），LH[분별위(5.21 ±1.23)、(4.27±1.09) nmol/L]、T[분별위(1.37±0.38)、(0.73±0.18)nmol/L]수평강저（P치균＜0.01）。혼합고제량조소서고환성숙정자수감소，병가견결구이상적정자두、정자미。결론 활활외、악과화마랍류린혼합연합염독가직접손해소서고환급부고적결구화공능，이도치생식세포생성과정이상；병도치하구뇌-수체-성선축성격소적분비문란。
Objective To evaluate the reproduction toxicity of the mixture composed of dichlorovos,dimethoate and malathion synergistic effect on male mice, and further explore its possible mechanisms. Methods The 105 male mice were divided into 7 groups,including control (0 mg/kg) ,mix low (10.8 mg/kg),mix medium (21.5 mg/kg),mix high doee (43.0 mg/kg) ,dichlorovos (5.1 mg/kg),dimethoate (12.6 mg/kg) and malathion (25.3 mg/kg) group. The oral gavage for successive 35 days,and the mice were sacrificed on the 36th day. The body weight,and the quantity,activity and morphology of sperms were examined. The levels of sexual hormone were measured, including testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH ), luteinizing hormone ( LH ) and estradiol ( E2 ). Pathological changes of testicle and epididymis were observed by morphology, pathology and electron microscope. ResultsAfter 14 days exposure,the body weights of the mice were lower in the mix-high dose group ( ( 22.40 ± 3.07 ) g ) than those in control group ( (26.73 ± 2.82 ) g ) ( P ＜ 0.05 ). After 28 days exposure, the body weights of the mice were also lower in the mix-medium dose group ( ( 30.00 ± 4.93 ) g) than those in control group ((33.13 ±3.29)g) (P ＜0.05). The sperm counts and sperm motility decreased significantly as the toxic concentration arised. Comparing to control group ( ( 373.33 ± 14.65 ) × 106/g weight of epididymis and (75.17 ±7.68)％ ) ,the spermatozoa count and sperm motility had decreased in mix-medium and mix-high dose groups ((321.17 ± 18.19) × 106/g weight of epididymis, (225.00 ± 19.67) × 106/g weight of epididymis, and ( 64.67 ± 9.91 ) ％, ( 57.83 ± 9.66 ) ％ ), and the sperm abnormality rates were higher in mix-medium and mix-high groups ((43.33 ± 8.66)‰ and (55.00 ± 13.80)‰) comparing to those in control group ( (32.67 ±8.17) ‰). Compared to those in control group ( FSH( 1.41 ±0.20) ,E2( 17.32 ±2.72), LH ( 8.75 ± 1.32 ) and T ( 3.45 ± 0.80 ) nmol/L ) , the serum level of FSH ( 3.14 ± 0.62 ) and ( 3.85 ± 0.37 ) nmol/L, E2 ( 36.81 ± 6.68) and (43.76 ± 9.82) nmol/L in mix-medium and mix-high dose group increased ( P ＜ 0.01 ), while the level of LH ( 5.21 ± 1.23 ) and ( 4.27 ± 1.09 ) nmol/L and T (1.37±0.38) and (0.73 ± 0.18) nmol/L decreased (P＜ 0.01).The morphological and ultramicrostructure results of testicle and epididymis indicated that the mature sperm numbers were decreased,and the cacoplastic sperm head and the tail of spermatozoon were observed in mix-high dose groups. Conclusion The dichlorovos, dimethoate and malathion mixture had synergistic reproductive toxicity to the testicle and epididymis structure and function, and thus leading to the process of generation cell cytopoiesis abnormalities, simultaneously the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis were also affected and thus resulted in parasecretion.
