水利水电快报
水利水電快報
수이수전쾌보
EXPRESS WATER RESOURCES & HYDROPOWER INFORMATION
2006年
24期
1-10
,共10页
洪水%洪水风险管理%英国
洪水%洪水風險管理%英國
홍수%홍수풍험관리%영국
flood%flood risk management%UK
为了减少洪水造成的破坏和损失,近年来世界各国的洪水管理已从单一的防洪工程向洪水风险管理转变.除了能进行有效的洪水防御外,洪水风险管理还被认为是维持生物多样性、河流及海岸生态系统的重要手段.回顾了英国的洪水风险管理及其组成体系,并分析讨论了未来可能面临的问题及应对措施.结果表明,随着全球气候变化及社会经济发展,洪水发生的频率及其影响正在增加.因此,如何全面综合考虑降雨、径流、河流、洪泛区以及人类活动、社会经济规划、发展和管理等诸多因素是实施洪水风险管理面临的重要课题.
為瞭減少洪水造成的破壞和損失,近年來世界各國的洪水管理已從單一的防洪工程嚮洪水風險管理轉變.除瞭能進行有效的洪水防禦外,洪水風險管理還被認為是維持生物多樣性、河流及海岸生態繫統的重要手段.迴顧瞭英國的洪水風險管理及其組成體繫,併分析討論瞭未來可能麵臨的問題及應對措施.結果錶明,隨著全毬氣候變化及社會經濟髮展,洪水髮生的頻率及其影響正在增加.因此,如何全麵綜閤攷慮降雨、徑流、河流、洪汎區以及人類活動、社會經濟規劃、髮展和管理等諸多因素是實施洪水風險管理麵臨的重要課題.
위료감소홍수조성적파배화손실,근년래세계각국적홍수관리이종단일적방홍공정향홍수풍험관리전변.제료능진행유효적홍수방어외,홍수풍험관리환피인위시유지생물다양성、하류급해안생태계통적중요수단.회고료영국적홍수풍험관리급기조성체계,병분석토론료미래가능면림적문제급응대조시.결과표명,수착전구기후변화급사회경제발전,홍수발생적빈솔급기영향정재증가.인차,여하전면종합고필강우、경류、하류、홍범구이급인류활동、사회경제규화、발전화관리등제다인소시실시홍수풍험관리면림적중요과제.
Approaches to reduce disruption and damage from flooding have changed significantly in recent years. Worldwide, there has been a significant move from a strategy of flood defence to one of flood risk management. Flood risk management includes the use of flood defences, where appropriate, but also recognizes that more managed flooding is essential to meeting goals for biodiversity and to sustain good ecological status in river and coastal systems. The author reviews the flood risk management and analyzes its development and future strategy in the UK. The study shows that flooding and its impacts seem to be increasing with the global climate change and social-economic development. Flood risk management therefore requires a holistic approach, addressing the scientific and engineering issues of rainfall, runoff, rivers and flood inundation as well as the human and socio-economic issues of planning, development and management.
