CAJ | 학술논문

2008年1-2月间,我国南方广大地区遭受了50年一遇的重大冰雪灾害,对我国南方林区造成了巨大的损害.浙江九龙山国家级自然保护区黄山松(Pinus taiwanensis)人工林也在此次冰雪灾害中遭到重人损失.针对保护区内黄山松人工林种群的地理分布和受灾特点.沿海拔梯度设置了6 000 m~2的具有代表性的样地,对其受灾情况进行调查,分析了不同胸径(DBH)、树高、冠幅等林木特征下的黄山松抵御冰雪灾害能力的差异,并对不同海拔的黄山松受火情况进行了比较.结果表明:1)九龙山黄山松种群受灾严重,除树干弯曲外,其他不同受灾类型的植株在种群中均有出现,且以断冠植株为最多.2)黄山松对冰雪灾害的抵御能力与林木大小有关,断人枝和断冠易发生在相对较粗和高的植株当中;较为细小和低矮的植株则容易被断干和掘根;冻死植株以幼树居多,其DBH和树高显著小于其他受灾类型植株.3)不同冠幅的黄山松植株受灾类型存在很大差异,冠幅越大,植株受灾越严重,掘根和断干在冠幅较大的植株中较为常见.4)尖削度、树冠相对高度和不均匀程度对黄山松抵御冰雪灾害也具有较大影响,尖削度小、树冠较高且不均匀的植株受灾较重.5)海拔较高处黄山松受灾严重,断干和掘根植株主要分布在825-850 m的高海拔区间内.
2008년1-2월간,아국남방엄대지구조수료50년일우적중대빙설재해,대아국남방림구조성료거대적손해.절강구룡산국가급자연보호구황산송(Pinus taiwanensis)인공림야재차차빙설재해중조도중인손실.침대보호구내황산송인공림충군적지리분포화수재특점.연해발제도설치료6 000 m~2적구유대표성적양지,대기수재정황진행조사,분석료불동흉경(DBH)、수고、관폭등림목특정하적황산송저어빙설재해능력적차이,병대불동해발적황산송수화정황진행료비교.결과표명:1)구룡산황산송충군수재엄중,제수간만곡외,기타불동수재류형적식주재충군중균유출현,차이단관식주위최다.2)황산송대빙설재해적저어능력여림목대소유관,단인지화단관역발생재상대교조화고적식주당중;교위세소화저왜적식주칙용역피단간화굴근;동사식주이유수거다,기DBH화수고현저소우기타수재류형식주.3)불동관폭적황산송식주수재류형존재흔대차이,관폭월대,식주수재월엄중,굴근화단간재관폭교대적식주중교위상견.4)첨삭도、수관상대고도화불균균정도대황산송저어빙설재해야구유교대영향,첨삭도소、수관교고차불균균적식주수재교중.5)해발교고처황산송수재엄중,단간화굴근식주주요분포재825-850 m적고해발구간내.
Aims Our objective was to investigate ice and snow damage to Pinus taiwanensis, which is widely grown in plantations in Jiulongshan Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China. Findings will assist sustainable manage-ment of plantations exposed to such natural events.Methods We investigated 6 000 m~2 plots representative of the geographic distribution ofPinus taiwanensis and features of the affected area. Differences of resistance to ice and snow damage were analyzed in relation to tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), crown width and other tree characteristics. We also analyzed damage by altitude.Important findings Pinus taiwanensis was severely damaged by ice and snow. Many individuals with different damage types, except stem bending, were found in the plots, but crown breakage was most common. Resistance to ice and snow damage depended on tree size. Trees with greater DBH and height were susceptible to limb and crown breakage, while ones with smaller DBH and height were susceptible to stem breakage and uprooting.Moreover, most trees killed were saplings with smaller DBH and shorter height. There were large differences of damage types among trees with different crown widths. Those with larger crown width had more serious damage,such as stem breakage and uprooting. Taper, crown relative height and degree of crown heterogeneity greatly in-fluenced resistance to ice and snow damage. Pinus taiwanensis was seriously damaged in higher altitudes, with stem breakage and uprooted trees distributed mainly at 950-1000m.