西北植物学报
西北植物學報
서북식물학보
ACTA BOTANICA BOREALI-OCCIDENTALIA SINICA
2001年
3期
526-531
,共6页
点地梅%核型%染色体%倍性
點地梅%覈型%染色體%倍性
점지매%핵형%염색체%배성
首次报道了雅江点地梅(Androsace yargongensis)3个居群的染色体数目和核型，对倍性也进行研究。3个居群的染色体数目(2n)，核型公式(KF)，染色体相对长度组成(C.RL)，核型不对称系数(As.K%)和核型类型(KT)分别为：野牛沟居群2n=40;KF=36 m(1SAT)+2SM+2ST+2b,C.RL=2L+14M2+22M1+2S+2bS,As.K=54.75%,KT=2A;巴颜喀拉山居群 2n=40,KF=36 m+2 sm+2 st+1b,C.RL=4L+16 M2+18 M1+2S+1bS,As.K=56.31%,KT=2B;达坂山居群 2n=60,KF=40 m+14 sm+6 st,C.RL=4L+24 M2+26 M1+6S,As.K=59.56%,KT=2B。根据3个居群的染色体和核型不对称性与居群所在地的地理位置，认为雅江点地梅核型和倍性的演化与高海拔生态环境和寒冷、干旱的气候加剧有密切关系。
首次報道瞭雅江點地梅(Androsace yargongensis)3箇居群的染色體數目和覈型，對倍性也進行研究。3箇居群的染色體數目(2n)，覈型公式(KF)，染色體相對長度組成(C.RL)，覈型不對稱繫數(As.K%)和覈型類型(KT)分彆為：野牛溝居群2n=40;KF=36 m(1SAT)+2SM+2ST+2b,C.RL=2L+14M2+22M1+2S+2bS,As.K=54.75%,KT=2A;巴顏喀拉山居群 2n=40,KF=36 m+2 sm+2 st+1b,C.RL=4L+16 M2+18 M1+2S+1bS,As.K=56.31%,KT=2B;達坂山居群 2n=60,KF=40 m+14 sm+6 st,C.RL=4L+24 M2+26 M1+6S,As.K=59.56%,KT=2B。根據3箇居群的染色體和覈型不對稱性與居群所在地的地理位置，認為雅江點地梅覈型和倍性的縯化與高海拔生態環境和寒冷、榦旱的氣候加劇有密切關繫。
수차보도료아강점지매(Androsace yargongensis)3개거군적염색체수목화핵형，대배성야진행연구。3개거군적염색체수목(2n)，핵형공식(KF)，염색체상대장도조성(C.RL)，핵형불대칭계수(As.K%)화핵형류형(KT)분별위：야우구거군2n=40;KF=36 m(1SAT)+2SM+2ST+2b,C.RL=2L+14M2+22M1+2S+2bS,As.K=54.75%,KT=2A;파안객랍산거군 2n=40,KF=36 m+2 sm+2 st+1b,C.RL=4L+16 M2+18 M1+2S+1bS,As.K=56.31%,KT=2B;체판산거군 2n=60,KF=40 m+14 sm+6 st,C.RL=4L+24 M2+26 M1+6S,As.K=59.56%,KT=2B。근거3개거군적염색체화핵형불대칭성여거군소재지적지리위치，인위아강점지매핵형화배성적연화여고해발생태배경화한랭、간한적기후가극유밀절관계。
The karyotype and ploidy of Androsace yargongensis in three populations distributed on Q-Z Plateau have been analysed and studied.The chromosome number and karyotype are reported here for the first time.Their chromosome number (2n),karyotype formula (KF),chromosome component in relative longth (C.RL),the index of karyotype asymmetry (As.K%) and karyotype type (KT) are each presented as follows:Yeniuguo population 2n=40,KF=36 m(1SAT)+2 sm+2 st+2 b,C.RL=2L+14 M2+22 M1+2S+2bS,As.K%=54.75,KT belongs to 2A;Bayanharshan population 2n=40,KF=36 m+2 sm+2 st+1 b,C.RL=4 L+16 M2+18 M1+2S+1 bS,As.K%=56.31,KT belongs to 2B;Dabanshan population 2n=60,KF=40 m+14 sm+6 st,C.RL=4 L+24 M2+26 M1+6 S,As.K%=59.69,KT belongs to 2B.On the bases of relationship between karyotype asymmetry with geographical locality in three populations of Androsace yargongensis,may consider that the evolution of karyotype and ploidy are close relative with ecological environment of high altitude and cold and dry climate to be intensified.
