CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查山东省滕州市农村小学生的沙眼患病情况.方法采用以人群为基础的横断面调查方法.2008年4月至7月期间,在由山东省防盲办公室组织的山东省50岁及以上人群盲与低视力眼病流行病学调查中,在4个调查县(市、区)之一的滕州市采用随机整群抽样方法抽取27个村为调查点.将调查点所在地的16所农村小学进行编号,应用单纯随机抽样方法抽取8所小学,共2742名小学生,实查2676人,受检率为97.60%.采用世界卫生组织沙眼简易分期标准,在3倍放大镜下进行检查和记录.沙眼患病率的比较采用χ2检验进行分析.结果 2676名受检小学生中,检出活动性沙眼593例,患病率为22.16%[95%可信区间(CI):20.59%～23.73%];受检女性的沙眼患病率为25.79%(276/1070),高于男性的患病率19.74%(317/1606)(χ2=13.653,P=0.000).各年龄组之间沙眼患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=9.389,P=0.052).各级沙眼滤泡性沙眼、浸润性沙眼、瘢痕性沙眼的患病率分别为5.68%(152/2676)、19.21%(514/2676)、0.56%(15/2676);女性浸润性沙眼的患病率22.90%(245/1070)高于男生16.75%(269/1606)(χ2=15.638,P=0.000);滤泡性沙眼、瘢痕性沙眼的患病率在男女性之间差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);全部受检小学生中无沙眼性倒睫和角膜混浊病例发生.结论山东省滕州市农村小学生沙眼患病率较高.建议采取群体普遍应用抗生素、改善个人卫生和居住环境、建立和完善初级眼保健体系等干预措施.
목적 조사산동성등주시농촌소학생적사안환병정황.방법 채용이인군위기출적횡단면조사방법.2008년4월지7월기간,재유산동성방맹판공실조직적산동성50세급이상인군맹여저시력안병류행병학조사중,재4개조사현(시、구)지일적등주시채용수궤정군추양방법추취27개촌위조사점.장조사점소재지적16소농촌소학진행편호,응용단순수궤추양방법추취8소소학,공2742명소학생,실사2676인,수검솔위97.60%.채용세계위생조직사안간역분기표준,재3배방대경하진행검사화기록.사안환병솔적비교채용χ2검험진행분석.결과 2676명수검소학생중,검출활동성사안593례,환병솔위22.16%[95%가신구간(CI):20.59%～23.73%];수검녀성적사안환병솔위25.79%(276/1070),고우남성적환병솔19.74%(317/1606)(χ2=13.653,P=0.000).각년령조지간사안환병솔비교,차이무통계학의의(χ2=9.389,P=0.052).각급사안려포성사안、침윤성사안、반흔성사안적환병솔분별위5.68%(152/2676)、19.21%(514/2676)、0.56%(15/2676);녀성침윤성사안적환병솔22.90%(245/1070)고우남생16.75%(269/1606)(χ2=15.638,P=0.000);려포성사안、반흔성사안적환병솔재남녀성지간차이무통계학의의(균P＞0.05);전부수검소학생중무사안성도첩화각막혼탁병례발생.결론 산동성등주시농촌소학생사안환병솔교고.건의채취군체보편응용항생소、개선개인위생화거주배경、건립화완선초급안보건체계등간예조시.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of trachoma and its risk factors in rural primary school children in Tengzhou City of Shandong Province. Methods In this cross-sectional population-based study, children aged 5 to 14 years old in primary school were randomly selected by a cluster sampling in which school shift was the sampling unit. Out of 2742 students, 2676 were eligible. The examination rate was 97.60%. All selected students were assessed for trachoma using the simplified grading scheme proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Statistical significance was calculated using Chi-square tests.Results Out of 2676 eligible children, 593 cases of active trachoma were found, the prevalence of trachoma was 22. 16% (95% CI:20. 59%-23.73% ). In 1606 boys, the prevalence of active trachoma was 19. 74%,compared with 25.79% for girls. Girls were affected by active trachoma higher than boys (25.79% versus 19. 74%, P = 0. 000). There was no significant difference among different age groups in term of the prevalence of trachoma ( P = 0. 052 ) . The prevalence of trachomatous follicle ( TF ), trachomatous inflammation (TI), and trachomatous scarring ( TS ) was 5.68% ( 152/2676 ), 19. 21% ( 514/2676 ),0. 56% (15/2676),respectively. TI was more prevalent in girls than in boys (22. 90% versus 16. 75%,p=0.000). Conclusions Trachoma is still endemic in children of primary schools in Tengzhou rural areas. Some interventions including mass treatment with antibiotics, improvement of hygienic conditions, and improvement of primary eye care are needed.