CAJ | 학술논문

Fe是浮游植物生长必需的微量元素,其供应对水体中浮游植物的生物量、生长速率以及种群组成均具有重要的影响. 从Fe在浮游植物新陈代谢中的作用出发,重点对近年来国内外有关Fe对浮游植物光合作用、营养盐吸收利用以及浮游植物群落组成的影响等方面的研究进展作了较详细的介绍,认为:(1)Fe通常是HNLC海域中初级生产力的主要限制因子之一,Fe限制会导致浮游植物细胞色素密度以及相应的光合叶绿素减少,从而降低其光合作用速率,导致生长缓慢;(2)Fe限制还能改变浮游植物吸收营养盐(N、P、Si等)的速率和比例,影响浮游植物的种间竞争,进而影响其群落结构;(3)Fe加富能够改变水体中浮游植物的优势种群,在海洋中表现为硅藻占优势,而在淡水湖泊中则表现为绿藻和细菌占优势;(4)在淡水湖泊中总Fe含量普遍较高,但浮游植物可利用Fe的含量受水体中有机配体的种类和数量的影响,在一定条件下Fe也可能成为浮游植物生长的限制因子,这对进一步认识湖泊水华暴发的机制具有一定的意义;(5)有学者提出将施加Fe作为一种生态手段,来提高HNLC海域的初级生产力,从而缓解由于大气中CO2浓度增加而导致的全球变暖的趋势;相反地,将降低浮游植物可利用Fe含量作为一种生态手段,来控制富营养化湖泊中藻类的生物量及群落结构,从而缓解日益严重的水华问题,值得进一步研究和探讨.
Fe시부유식물생장필수적미량원소,기공응대수체중부유식물적생물량、생장속솔이급충군조성균구유중요적영향. 종Fe재부유식물신진대사중적작용출발,중점대근년래국내외유관Fe대부유식물광합작용、영양염흡수이용이급부유식물군락조성적영향등방면적연구진전작료교상세적개소,인위:(1)Fe통상시HNLC해역중초급생산력적주요한제인자지일,Fe한제회도치부유식물세포색소밀도이급상응적광합협록소감소,종이강저기광합작용속솔,도치생장완만;(2)Fe한제환능개변부유식물흡수영양염(N、P、Si등)적속솔화비례,영향부유식물적충간경쟁,진이영향기군락결구;(3)Fe가부능구개변수체중부유식물적우세충군,재해양중표현위규조점우세,이재담수호박중칙표현위록조화세균점우세;(4)재담수호박중총Fe함량보편교고,단부유식물가이용Fe적함량수수체중유궤배체적충류화수량적영향,재일정조건하Fe야가능성위부유식물생장적한제인자,저대진일보인식호박수화폭발적궤제구유일정적의의;(5)유학자제출장시가Fe작위일충생태수단,래제고HNLC해역적초급생산력,종이완해유우대기중CO2농도증가이도치적전구변난적추세;상반지,장강저부유식물가이용Fe함량작위일충생태수단,래공제부영양화호박중조류적생물량급군락결구,종이완해일익엄중적수화문제,치득진일보연구화탐토.
Iron is a trace element necessary for the growth of phytoplankton, and its supply has been suggested to influence phytoplankton biomass, growth rate and species composition. This paper, starting from the roles of iron in phytoplankton metabolism, gives a review of research progresses at home and abroad on the roles of iron in phytoplankton photosynthesis, nutrient uptake and community composition in recent years, and it is suggested that: (1) Iron is usually one of the main limiting factors for the primary production of HNLC areas in the sea, and iron limitation may decrease the content of cytochrome and related photosynthetic chlorophyll in phytoplankton cells, which could reduce its photosynthetic rate and lead to a slow growth rate. (2) Iron limitation may also change both the uptake rate and ratio of nutrients (such as N, P, and Si), which could affect interspecific competition and the community structure of phytoplankton. (3) Iron enrichment could change the dominant species, which would lead to diatom dominance in the sea, and green algal and bacterial dominances in freshwater lakes. (4) The concentration of total iron in freshwater lakes is usually high, but its availability to phytoplankton is affected by the types and content of organic ligands in the water. Under certain conditions, iron may also be a limiting factor in phytoplankton growth, which may be meaningful for a further understanding of the mechanism of water-bloom outbreak in lakes. (5) Some researchers suggested that iron enrichment may be an ecological approach to increase the primary production of HNLN areas in the sea, which could reduce the trend of global warming caused by increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. On the contrary, one thing may worth further studying and discussing is that it is possible to take the reduction of available iron concentration as an ecological approach to control the biomass and community structure of algae in eutrophic lakes to solve the problems of increasing algal blooms