CAJ | 학술논문

利用1958—2007年全球海温、位势高度场月平均资料和我国东北地区64个测站的春季地面气温资料,分析了我国东北地区春季极端低温的时空变化特征及其与大气环流和海温异常的关系。结果表明：近50a来,我国东北春季极端低温事件频数整体呈减少趋势;极端低温频数主要存在全区一致变化型和南北反相变化型两种模态;极端低温事件频数与北极涛动存在显著负相关关系,同时在极端低温多年,极涡较弱,乌拉尔山阻塞高压偏强,东北冷涡较强,反之亦然;影响我国东北地区春季极端低温的关键海区为中北大西洋海区,极端低温多年,中北大西洋海温较常年偏冷,反之则中北大西洋海温较常年偏暖。这对于预测东北春季极端低温事件的年际变化具有很好的指示意义。数值试验结果表明,中北大西洋海温异常可激发欧亚波列,致使中国东北温度异常。
이용1958—2007년전구해온、위세고도장월평균자료화아국동북지구64개측참적춘계지면기온자료,분석료아국동북지구춘계겁단저온적시공변화특정급기여대기배류화해온이상적관계。결과표명：근50a래,아국동북춘계겁단저온사건빈수정체정감소추세;겁단저온빈수주요존재전구일치변화형화남북반상변화형량충모태;겁단저온사건빈수여북겁도동존재현저부상관관계,동시재겁단저온다년,겁와교약,오랍이산조새고압편강,동북랭와교강,반지역연;영향아국동북지구춘계겁단저온적관건해구위중북대서양해구,겁단저온다년,중북대서양해온교상년편랭,반지칙중북대서양해온교상년편난。저대우예측동북춘계겁단저온사건적년제변화구유흔호적지시의의。수치시험결과표명,중북대서양해온이상가격발구아파렬,치사중국동북온도이상。
By using the mean monthly dataset of global sea surface temperature and geopotential height fields,and the surface air temperature records of 64 stations in spring in Northeast China from 1958 and 2007,this paper analyzes the spatial/temporal variation characteristics of spring extreme low temperature（SELT） in Northeast China,and its relationship with atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature（SST） anomalies.The results show that：The occurrence frequency of SELT in Northeastern China has tended to decrease;The frequency has two major modes：consistent change of the whole area and reversed-phase change of the North-South;There is a significant negative correlation between the frequency of SELT and the AO index.For years with more extreme low temperature events,the polar vortex is weak,with strong Ural blocking high and cold vortex over Northeast China,and vice versa.Result also indicates that the key SST area affecting the SELT locates in the north-middle Atlantic Ocean,with negative（positive） SST anomalies for years with more（less） SELT events,implying important significance for SELT prediction.In addition,numerical simulations also show that SST anomalies in the north-middle Atlantic Ocean can cause air temperature anomalies over Northeast China by exciting Eurasian wave trains.