气象学报
氣象學報
기상학보
ACTA METEOROLOGICA SINICA
2009年
6期
983-991
,共9页
质量通量%模式评估%季节变化%大气环流模式比较计划(AMIP)
質量通量%模式評估%季節變化%大氣環流模式比較計劃(AMIP)
질량통량%모식평고%계절변화%대기배류모식비교계화(AMIP)
Mass flux%Model evaluation%Annual cycle%Atmospheric Model Intereomparison Project (AMIP)
从描述南、北半球间大气经向质量传输的角度人手,考察IPCC第4次评估报告提供的8个AMIP大气环流模式对越赤道质量通量输送的模拟性能。结果表明:NCAR、MPI和UKMO模式模拟出的越赤道整层大气质量通量与观测大体相一致;MIROC3模拟的整层大气质量通量年循环与观测结果相去甚远,尤其在夏季模拟出较强的虚假向北大气质量输送;IAP模拟的整层大气质量通量年循环方向与观测结果在7个月份中相反;把垂直大气分为4层.各模式对700 hPa以下(I_1)和300-70 hPa(I_3)两层质量通量的模拟能力普遍较好;对700-300 hPa层(I_2)质量通量模拟结果偏差较大;除MIROC3外,其余模式基本能够模拟出70-10 hPa(I_4)大气质量通量的季节变化.显然,不仅南、北半球间大气存在质量交换,越过其他纬度同样存在着经向大气质量输送,无论冬季、夏季还是年平均,各模式对越过其他纬度(60°S-60°N)经向大气质量输送的模拟结果与观测差异明显。整体权衡,UKMO_HADGEMl在模拟越赤道大气质量通量方面表现突出,MPI_ECHAM5模式优势较明显;NCAR、GISS和GFDL 3个模式在某些压力层内具有较好的模拟水平;MIROC模式对整层、700-300 hPa层的模拟能力较低,而对700 hPa以下层和300-70 hPa层的模拟水平较高;IAP_FGOALS和CNRM模式在模拟越赤道大气质量通量方面存在一定的不足.
從描述南、北半毬間大氣經嚮質量傳輸的角度人手,攷察IPCC第4次評估報告提供的8箇AMIP大氣環流模式對越赤道質量通量輸送的模擬性能。結果錶明:NCAR、MPI和UKMO模式模擬齣的越赤道整層大氣質量通量與觀測大體相一緻;MIROC3模擬的整層大氣質量通量年循環與觀測結果相去甚遠,尤其在夏季模擬齣較彊的虛假嚮北大氣質量輸送;IAP模擬的整層大氣質量通量年循環方嚮與觀測結果在7箇月份中相反;把垂直大氣分為4層.各模式對700 hPa以下(I_1)和300-70 hPa(I_3)兩層質量通量的模擬能力普遍較好;對700-300 hPa層(I_2)質量通量模擬結果偏差較大;除MIROC3外,其餘模式基本能夠模擬齣70-10 hPa(I_4)大氣質量通量的季節變化.顯然,不僅南、北半毬間大氣存在質量交換,越過其他緯度同樣存在著經嚮大氣質量輸送,無論鼕季、夏季還是年平均,各模式對越過其他緯度(60°S-60°N)經嚮大氣質量輸送的模擬結果與觀測差異明顯。整體權衡,UKMO_HADGEMl在模擬越赤道大氣質量通量方麵錶現突齣,MPI_ECHAM5模式優勢較明顯;NCAR、GISS和GFDL 3箇模式在某些壓力層內具有較好的模擬水平;MIROC模式對整層、700-300 hPa層的模擬能力較低,而對700 hPa以下層和300-70 hPa層的模擬水平較高;IAP_FGOALS和CNRM模式在模擬越赤道大氣質量通量方麵存在一定的不足.
종묘술남、북반구간대기경향질량전수적각도인수,고찰IPCC제4차평고보고제공적8개AMIP대기배류모식대월적도질량통량수송적모의성능。결과표명:NCAR、MPI화UKMO모식모의출적월적도정층대기질량통량여관측대체상일치;MIROC3모의적정층대기질량통량년순배여관측결과상거심원,우기재하계모의출교강적허가향북대기질량수송;IAP모의적정층대기질량통량년순배방향여관측결과재7개월빈중상반;파수직대기분위4층.각모식대700 hPa이하(I_1)화300-70 hPa(I_3)량층질량통량적모의능력보편교호;대700-300 hPa층(I_2)질량통량모의결과편차교대;제MIROC3외,기여모식기본능구모의출70-10 hPa(I_4)대기질량통량적계절변화.현연,불부남、북반구간대기존재질량교환,월과기타위도동양존재착경향대기질량수송,무론동계、하계환시년평균,각모식대월과기타위도(60°S-60°N)경향대기질량수송적모의결과여관측차이명현。정체권형,UKMO_HADGEMl재모의월적도대기질량통량방면표현돌출,MPI_ECHAM5모식우세교명현;NCAR、GISS화GFDL 3개모식재모사압력층내구유교호적모의수평;MIROC모식대정층、700-300 hPa층적모의능력교저,이대700 hPa이하층화300-70 hPa층적모의수평교고;IAP_FGOALS화CNRM모식재모의월적도대기질량통량방면존재일정적불족.
By regarding ERA40 reanalysis data which is more authentic as observation, the simulation capabilities of 8 AMIP AGCMs provided by IPCC AR4 (CNRM_CM3, GISS_MODEL_E_R, GFDL_CM2_1, IAP_FGOALS1_0_G, NCAR_ CC-SM3_0, MIROC3_2_MEDRES, MPI_ECHAM5 and UKMO_HADGEM1) were evaluated and compared, which focus on the zonal mean meridional atmospheric mass flux across the equator for the whole and four divided levels. It illuminates that the simula-tions of NCAR, MPI and UKMO are closer to the observation about the whole level atmospheric mass transport. The annual cycle of whole level atmospheric mass flux simulated in MIROC3 presents notable differences with observation. Especially, irreal northern mass flux occurs in summer, IAP has opposite direction of mass flux from observation in 7 months of an annual cycle. Because of the wide horizontal and vertical range, the reasons are uncertain of lacking abilities on modeling atmospheric mass transport across the e-quator for the whole level, but then the lower resolution is one of the reasons besides the dynamics frame and parameterization proce-dures. Dividing the whole atmosphere into four layers by 700, 300 and 70 hPa, the atmospheric mass transport concentrates at P_s -700 hPa and 300 - 70 hPa cross the equator. The 8 models have better simulation abilities at the layers of p_s - 700 hPa (I_1 ) and 300 - 70 hPa ( I_3 ) uniformly, which may probably relates with the easiness of describing atmosphere dynamic process at the lower and upper troposphere, nevertheless there are more differences between the 8 AGCMs at the layer of 700 - 300 hPa ( I_2 ). Except MIROC3, the other models have the abilities of simulating the annual cycle of atmospheric mass transport in 70 - 10 hPa ( I_4 ) ulti-mately. The deficiency of MIROC3 may be as a result of improper management of ozone. Furthermore, not only at the equator,meridional atmospheric mass transportation also occurs at other latitudes. Whether in winter, summer or annual mean, the differences of mass flux among these models are all notable from 60°S to 60°N. The simulation result of winter is better than summer. No matter in summer, winter and annual mean, IAP_ FGOALS1_0_G and NCAR_CCSM3_0 overrate the northern transport between 50°S and 60°S. The all and the one, this study provides not only a fire-new angle of AGCMs evaluation, but also powerful elements while choosing AGCMs for studying atmospheric mass transport and cross-equatorial flow. UKMO_HADGEM1 has good represent whilesimulating atmospheric mass flux across the equator, and MPI _ ECHAM5 show obvious superiority. There are better exhibition of simu-lation on some special levels about NCAR, GISS and GFDL. The simulation ability of MIROC is not good enough on simulating the whole level and 700 - 300 hPa, but good enough on p_s - 700 hPa and 300 - 70 hPa. Some shortages are emerged in IAP_ FGOALS and CNRM model. Therefore, UKMO_ HADGEM1 is the preferred model while studying atmospheric mass meridional transform and those concerned.