CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查山东省日照市沿海与非沿海地区8～10岁儿童碘营养状况,为因地制宜、科学补碘提供参考依据.方法 2009、2010年,选择日照市紧靠海岸的东港区和岚山区为沿海地区调查点,以远离海岸50 km以外的莒县和五莲县为非沿海地区调查点.采用硫酸铈催化分光光度法,检测调查点所有自然村及居民饮用水供水点的含碘量；以县为单位,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位,抽取5～9个乡,每乡抽取4个行政村,每村抽取8～ 15户居民,采集食用盐样,用直接滴定法检测盐碘；每个县抽取5所小学,每所小学抽取60名8～10岁儿童,采用触诊法进行甲状腺检查,收集其中20名儿童的即时尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘.结果共检测居民饮用水样3483份,沿海及非沿海地区水碘≤10μg/L的比例分别为90.03％(1011/1123)和91.10％(2150/2360),水碘中位数分别为5.6、4.2μg/L;检测居民户食用盐1164份,盐碘中位数分别为29.03、29.99mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率分别为96.77％(569/588)和97.05％(559/576);共调查8～ 10岁儿童1200名,甲状腺肿大率分别为1.17％(7/600)和1.33％(8/600)；共检测8～ 10岁儿童尿样476份,尿碘中位数分别为144.05、159.15 μg/L,＜100 μg/L的比例分别为26.58％(63/237)和22.59％ (54/239),100～300 μg/L的比例分别为66.67％(158/237)和64.02％(153/239),＞300 μg/L的比例分别为6.75％(16/237)和13.39％(32/239).结论日照市沿海地区外环境缺碘.目前居民户合格碘盐普及情况适宜,8～ 10岁儿童碘营养水平适宜,达到国家消除碘缺乏病(IDD)标准要求,不存在碘过量的问题.沿海和非沿海地区在同样食用碘盐的情况下碘营养水平未见明显差异,无需实行差异化碘盐供应.
목적 조사산동성일조시연해여비연해지구8～10세인동전영양상황,위인지제의、과학보전제공삼고의거.방법 2009、2010년,선택일조시긴고해안적동항구화람산구위연해지구조사점,이원리해안50 km이외적거현화오련현위비연해지구조사점.채용류산시최화분광광도법,검측조사점소유자연촌급거민음용수공수점적함전량；이현위단위,안동、서、남、북、중5개방위,추취5～9개향,매향추취4개행정촌,매촌추취8～ 15호거민,채집식용염양,용직접적정법검측염전；매개현추취5소소학,매소소학추취60명8～10세인동,채용촉진법진행갑상선검사,수집기중20명인동적즉시뇨양,채용신시최화분광광도법측정뇨전.결과 공검측거민음용수양3483빈,연해급비연해지구수전≤10μg/L적비례분별위90.03％(1011/1123)화91.10％(2150/2360),수전중위수분별위5.6、4.2μg/L;검측거민호식용염1164빈,염전중위수분별위29.03、29.99mg/kg,합격전염식용솔분별위96.77％(569/588)화97.05％(559/576);공조사8～ 10세인동1200명,갑상선종대솔분별위1.17％(7/600)화1.33％(8/600)；공검측8～ 10세인동뇨양476빈,뇨전중위수분별위144.05、159.15 μg/L,＜100 μg/L적비례분별위26.58％(63/237)화22.59％ (54/239),100～300 μg/L적비례분별위66.67％(158/237)화64.02％(153/239),＞300 μg/L적비례분별위6.75％(16/237)화13.39％(32/239).결론 일조시연해지구외배경결전.목전거민호합격전염보급정황괄의,8～ 10세인동전영양수평괄의,체도국가소제전결핍병(IDD)표준요구,불존재전과량적문제.연해화비연해지구재동양식용전염적정황하전영양수평미견명현차이,무수실행차이화전염공응.
Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in both costal and non-costal areas of Rizhao city Shandong province,and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine.Methods In 2009 and 2010,townships of Lanshan and Donggang were chosen as survey points which situated close to the coast,the counties of Wulian and Juxian that were more than 50 kilometers away from the coast were selected as controls.The iodine concentration of drinking water in every village and water supply point was determined.At the county level,5 to 9 towns were selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,4 villages were selected in each chosen township,8 - 15 households were selected in each chosen village,edible salt from the households was collected; 5 primary schools were selected in each chosen township,60 students aged 8 - 10 were selected to take thyroid examination in each chosen school.Twenty copies of urine samples were collected from the 60 students to detect the iodine concentration.Iodine in drinking water was tested by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry,in iodized salt by direct titration,in urine by arsenic-cerium contact method,and thyroids were examined by palpation.Results Totally 3483 copies of drinking water samples,1164 copies of edible salt samples,and 476 copies of urine samples were tested,and a total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were investigated; and the ratio of water iodine frequency distribution ≤ 10 μg/L (in costal and non-costal area) accounted for 90.03％ ( 1011/1123 ) and 91.10％ (2150/2360),respectively,the medians of water iodine were 5.6 and 4.2 μg/L,respectively; the iodine medians of edible salt were 29.03 and 29.99 mg/kg,respectively; the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 96.77％ (569/588) and 97.05％ (559/576),respectively; total goiter rates were 1.17％(7/600) and 1.33％(8/600),respectively; the medians of urinary iodine were 144.05 and 159.15 μg/L,respectively; the percentages of urinary iodine that bellow 100 μg/L were 26.58％ (63/237) and 22.59％ (54/239),respectively; between 100 - 300 μg/L were 66.75％ (158/237) and 64.02％ (153/239),respectively; above 300 μg/L were 6.75％ (16/237) and 13.39％ (32/239),respectively.Conclusions The costal of Rizhao is an iodine deficient area.The current popularity of household's consumption of qualified iodized salt is suitable.The levels of iodine nutrition of children aged 8 to 10 is appropriate,which met the national standard of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).There is no iodine excess.There are no significant differences in levels of iodine nutrition between costal and non-costal areas on the premise that the same iodized salt is supplied in both the areas,and there is no need to make differentiated supply of iodized salt.