CAJ | 학술논문

研究了两系超高产杂交稻(Oryza sativa L.)"两优培九"和"华安3号"以及多年来大面积推广的三系杂交稻"汕优63"剑叶的PSⅡ活性和叶黄素循环对强光胁迫及其恢复进程的响应.结果表明,在2 000 μmol photons*m-2*s-1的强光胁迫下,3个杂交稻的PSⅡ光化学最大效率(Fv/Fm)、开放的PSⅡ反应中心捕获激发能效率(Fv′/Fm′)和PSⅡ的实际光化学转能效率(ΦPSⅡ)都随着光抑制进程而下降,其中以"汕优63"下降的幅度最大.光抑制过程中,杂交稻叶黄素循环的紫黄素(V)组分迅速下降,与此同时,脱环氧化组分环氧玉米黄素(A)和玉米黄素(Z)迅速积累,而超高产杂交稻"两优培九"和"华安3号"的A和Z的积累速度大大高于"汕优63".伴随A和Z的快速积累,它们的叶黄素循环的脱环氧化状态(DES)迅速上升,并在半小时左右基本达到最大值,其中"两优培九"和"华安3号"DES的上升速率仍然较"汕优63"高.光抑制处理结束后,转移到弱光(70 μmol photons*m-2*s-1)条件下恢复过程中,两个超高产杂交稻的Fv/Fm、Fv′/Fm′和ΦPSⅡ的恢复速率和恢复水平都高于"汕优63".同时,它们的叶黄素循环组分V、A、Z以及DES都逐渐恢复,但"两优培九"和"华安3号"的恢复速率和恢复水平仍然要优于"汕优63".以上结果说明,超高产杂交稻"两优培九"和"华安3号"较对照品种"汕优63"具有更强的抗光抑制及光保护能力,同时在光抑制结束后又能够更迅速地恢复光合功能,较强的抗光抑制能力和较高的恢复能力可能是超高产杂交稻高产的重要生理基础之一.
연구료량계초고산잡교도(Oryza sativa L.)"량우배구"화"화안3호"이급다년래대면적추엄적삼계잡교도"산우63"검협적PSⅡ활성화협황소순배대강광협박급기회복진정적향응.결과표명,재2 000 μmol photons*m-2*s-1적강광협박하,3개잡교도적PSⅡ광화학최대효솔(Fv/Fm)、개방적PSⅡ반응중심포획격발능효솔(Fv′/Fm′)화PSⅡ적실제광화학전능효솔(ΦPSⅡ)도수착광억제진정이하강,기중이"산우63"하강적폭도최대.광억제과정중,잡교도협황소순배적자황소(V)조분신속하강,여차동시,탈배양화조분배양옥미황소(A)화옥미황소(Z)신속적루,이초고산잡교도"량우배구"화"화안3호"적A화Z적적루속도대대고우"산우63".반수A화Z적쾌속적루,타문적협황소순배적탈배양화상태(DES)신속상승,병재반소시좌우기본체도최대치,기중"량우배구"화"화안3호"DES적상승속솔잉연교"산우63"고.광억제처리결속후,전이도약광(70 μmol photons*m-2*s-1)조건하회복과정중,량개초고산잡교도적Fv/Fm、Fv′/Fm′화ΦPSⅡ적회복속솔화회복수평도고우"산우63".동시,타문적협황소순배조분V、A、Z이급DES도축점회복,단"량우배구"화"화안3호"적회복속솔화회복수평잉연요우우"산우63".이상결과설명,초고산잡교도"량우배구"화"화안3호"교대조품충"산우63"구유경강적항광억제급광보호능력,동시재광억제결속후우능구경신속지회복광합공능,교강적항광억제능력화교고적회복능력가능시초고산잡교도고산적중요생리기출지일.
PSⅡ photochemistry and xanthophyll cycle during photoinhibition (exposed to strong light of 2 000 μmol photons*m-2*s-1) and the subsequent restoration were compared between two superhigh-yield rice hybrids (Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3, the newly developed rice hybrids from two parental lines) and the traditional rice hybrid Shanyou 63 developed from three parental lines. The results showed that the maximal efficiency of PSⅡ photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSⅡ centers (Fv′/Fm′), and the yield of PSⅡ electron transport (ΦPSⅡ) of the three rice hybrids decreased during photoinhibition. However, a greater decrease in Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, and ΦPSⅡ was observed in Shanyou 63 than in Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3. At the same time, the components of xanthophyll cycle, antherxanthin (A) and zeathanxin (Z) increased rapidly while violaxanthin (V) decreased considerably. Both the rate of accumulation and the amount of A and Z in the two superhigh-yield rice hybrids were higher than that in Shanyou 63. The de-epoxidation state (DES) of xanthophyll cycle increased rapidly with the fast accumulation of A and Z, and reached the maximal level after first 30 min during photoinhibition. Of the three hybrids, the increasing rate of DES in Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 was higher than that in Shanyou 63. After photoinhibition treatment, the plant materials were transferred to a dim light (70 μmol photons*m-2*s-1) for restoration. During restoration, both chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and xanthophyll cycle relaxed gradually, but the rate and level of restoration in the two superhigh-yield rice hybrids were higher than those in Shanyou 63. Our results suggest that Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 had higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher capacity of non-radiative energy dissipation associated with xanthophyll cycle, as well as higher rate of restoration after photoinhibition, than Shanyou 63 when subjected to strong light.