CAJ | 학술논문

2011年调查访问了5家波兰园艺种子公司和5家波兰农业种子公司,并向公司负责人递交调查问卷.参与调查的种子公司都有不同程度的外包业务,并且60％的种子公司的外包业务在不断扩大.与农业种子公司相比,园艺种子公司使用更多的外包业务.外包业务涉及内容通常为器械维修及公司董事会评估等,很少涉及育种项目.在波兰园艺种子公司中,最普遍使用的外包业务为种子扩繁及运输、种子包装袋及品种目录印刷和其他打印业务、开展科研项目、准备书面报告和专家顾问；而最不常使用的外包业务为种子包装、市场调查研究、财务账目服务、设计和开展市场活动.在波兰农业种子公司中,最普遍使用的外包业务为种子扩繁、种子质量测定、其他打印业务、新品种测试；而最不常使用的外包业务为种子包装、设计和开展市场活动、财务账目服务、开展市场调查研究.在波兰园艺种子公司中,用于外包业务的支出占营业额的3％～11％,而在波兰农业种子公司中则为3％～20％.
2011년조사방문료5가파란완예충자공사화5가파란농업충자공사,병향공사부책인체교조사문권.삼여조사적충자공사도유불동정도적외포업무,병차60％적충자공사적외포업무재불단확대.여농업충자공사상비,완예충자공사사용경다적외포업무.외포업무섭급내용통상위기계유수급공사동사회평고등,흔소섭급육충항목.재파란완예충자공사중,최보편사용적외포업무위충자확번급운수、충자포장대급품충목록인쇄화기타타인업무、개전과연항목、준비서면보고화전가고문；이최불상사용적외포업무위충자포장、시장조사연구、재무장목복무、설계화개전시장활동.재파란농업충자공사중,최보편사용적외포업무위충자확번、충자질량측정、기타타인업무、신품충측시；이최불상사용적외포업무위충자포장、설계화개전시장활동、재무장목복무、개전시장조사연구.재파란완예충자공사중,용우외포업무적지출점영업액적3％～11％,이재파란농업충자공사중칙위3％～20％.
5 horticultural and 5 agricultural seed companies in Poland were surveyed in 2011on their outsourcing activities. It was done also by interviewing them in person. All of the inquired seed companies had some kind of outsourcing and its range depended on their activities. The horticultural seed companies were using more outsourcing than the agricultural ones. The outsourcing increased in 60％ of the seed companies. It was done always when repairing machines and always needed permission from the company's board of directors, but it was very rarely done for plant breeding. In the horticultural seed companies, the most popular outsourcing activities were: multiplying and transporting seeds, printing seed bags and catalogues, doing other printing services, carrying out research assignments and preparing written reports and expertise, whereas the least popular ones were: packing the seeds, carrying out marketing research, running book-keeping services, and designing and carrying out a marketing campaign. In agricultural seed companies, the most popular outsourcing activities were: multiplying seeds, carrying out seed quality tests, doing other printing services, evaluating new breeding creations test (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability as well as Value for cultivation and Use),whereas the least popular ones were: packing the seeds, designing and carrying out a promotion campaign, running book-keeping services, carrying out marketing research. The percentage of turnover spent on outsourcing activities in the horticultural seed companies was 3％～11％,whereas in the agricultural ones was 3％～20％.