中华医学杂志
中華醫學雜誌
중화의학잡지
National Medical Journal of China
2009年
47期
3332-3336
,共5页
谭善勇%秦晓霞%李艳%邓冠华
譚善勇%秦曉霞%李豔%鄧冠華
담선용%진효하%리염%산관화
综合医院%自杀未遂%特征
綜閤醫院%自殺未遂%特徵
종합의원%자살미수%특정
General hospital%Attempted suicide%Feature
目的 调杳自杀未遂患者各种精神障碍的患病率,分析精神障碍自杀未遂患者的临床特征.方法 按市内不同地区分布抽取沈阳市4家三级综合医院进行调查,共调查239例15周岁以上的急诊室自杀未遂患者.调查员在自杀未遂患者经抢救病情好转后用自伤者一般情况表、自伤情况问卷、汉密顿抑郁量表-24项和<美国精神疾病与行为障碍分类与诊断标准>(第4版)科研版轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查-病人版进行调查.结果 自杀未遂者自伤当时精神障碍的总患病率为69.46%,其中心境障碍患病率最高(48.12%);有精神障碍者中仅7.23%看过心理或精神科,并接受药物治疗.患有精神障碍的自杀未遂者冲动性自杀少,伤害发牛后自救率低,自伤目的 以解脱痛苦、减轻他人负担为主.患有精神障碍的自杀未遂者的各项抑郁症状及抑郁程度比无精神障碍者更严重(均P<0.05).结论 综合医院急诊室自杀未遂患者精神障碍患病率高,自杀前就诊率低;患有精神障碍的自杀未遂者以非冲动性自杀为主,伤害发生后自救率低,目的 以解脱痛苦、减轻他人负担为主;患有精神障碍的自杀未遂人群自杀与精神障碍中的抑郁成分最直接相关.
目的 調杳自殺未遂患者各種精神障礙的患病率,分析精神障礙自殺未遂患者的臨床特徵.方法 按市內不同地區分佈抽取瀋暘市4傢三級綜閤醫院進行調查,共調查239例15週歲以上的急診室自殺未遂患者.調查員在自殺未遂患者經搶救病情好轉後用自傷者一般情況錶、自傷情況問捲、漢密頓抑鬱量錶-24項和<美國精神疾病與行為障礙分類與診斷標準>(第4版)科研版軸Ⅰ障礙定式臨床檢查-病人版進行調查.結果 自殺未遂者自傷噹時精神障礙的總患病率為69.46%,其中心境障礙患病率最高(48.12%);有精神障礙者中僅7.23%看過心理或精神科,併接受藥物治療.患有精神障礙的自殺未遂者遲動性自殺少,傷害髮牛後自救率低,自傷目的 以解脫痛苦、減輕他人負擔為主.患有精神障礙的自殺未遂者的各項抑鬱癥狀及抑鬱程度比無精神障礙者更嚴重(均P<0.05).結論 綜閤醫院急診室自殺未遂患者精神障礙患病率高,自殺前就診率低;患有精神障礙的自殺未遂者以非遲動性自殺為主,傷害髮生後自救率低,目的 以解脫痛苦、減輕他人負擔為主;患有精神障礙的自殺未遂人群自殺與精神障礙中的抑鬱成分最直接相關.
목적 조묘자살미수환자각충정신장애적환병솔,분석정신장애자살미수환자적림상특정.방법 안시내불동지구분포추취침양시4가삼급종합의원진행조사,공조사239례15주세이상적급진실자살미수환자.조사원재자살미수환자경창구병정호전후용자상자일반정황표、자상정황문권、한밀돈억욱량표-24항화<미국정신질병여행위장애분류여진단표준>(제4판)과연판축Ⅰ장애정식림상검사-병인판진행조사.결과 자살미수자자상당시정신장애적총환병솔위69.46%,기중심경장애환병솔최고(48.12%);유정신장애자중부7.23%간과심리혹정신과,병접수약물치료.환유정신장애적자살미수자충동성자살소,상해발우후자구솔저,자상목적 이해탈통고、감경타인부담위주.환유정신장애적자살미수자적각항억욱증상급억욱정도비무정신장애자경엄중(균P<0.05).결론 종합의원급진실자살미수환자정신장애환병솔고,자살전취진솔저;환유정신장애적자살미수자이비충동성자살위주,상해발생후자구솔저,목적 이해탈통고、감경타인부담위주;환유정신장애적자살미수인군자살여정신장애중적억욱성분최직접상관.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of various mental disorders of suicide attemplers and analyze the clinical features of suicide attempters with mental disorders. Methods The investigators randomly selected four Class Ⅲ general hospitals from different parts of Shenyang and collected 239 suicide attempters over 15 years old at emergency room. When the conditions of suicide attempters improved after rescue, the investigators studied by suicide general table, self-injury questionnaire, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression-24 and Structure Clinical Interview for DSM- Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders-Patient Edition. Results The overall prevalence of mental disorders in attempted suicides was 69.46% while self-injury, one of the highest prevalent mood disorders, accounted for 48. 12%. During the year before suicide, only 7. 23% of the suicide attempters with mental disorders consulted a psychologist or psychiatrist, and took anti-psychosis drugs, anti-depression or anti-anxiety drugs. Suicide attempters with mental disorders often committed suicide less impulsively. And their purpose was to relieve themselves and reduce the burden of others so that the rate of self-help was lower after their injuries occurred; suicide attempters with mental disorders had more obvious symptoms. And their degrees of depression were greater (P < 0. 05 ) than ones without mental disorders. Conclusion The prevalence of mental disorders at emergency rooms in general hospitals is high in suicide attempts, but the pre-suicide consulting rate remains so low. The depressive components of mental disorders are most directly related to suicidal behaviors of suicide attempters.
