中华儿科杂志
中華兒科雜誌
중화인과잡지
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
2010年
5期
390-395
,共6页
黄广文%杜其云%刘智昱%刘艳萍%黄群%吴虹%罗家有%张伶俐
黃廣文%杜其雲%劉智昱%劉豔萍%黃群%吳虹%囉傢有%張伶俐
황엄문%두기운%류지욱%류염평%황군%오홍%라가유%장령리
精神卫生%情绪%行为研究%农村留守儿童
精神衛生%情緒%行為研究%農村留守兒童
정신위생%정서%행위연구%농촌류수인동
Mental health%Emotions%Behavioral research%Left-behind children in countryside
目的 初步探讨监护人员对农村3～7岁留守儿童情绪行为问题的影响.方法 采用自拟儿童基本情况调查表、儿童长处和困难问卷(父母版)对805例农村3～7岁留守儿童进行调查评估.结果 留守儿童困难问题检出率为3.5%,男性为4.1%,女性为2.7%,男女性儿童困难问题检出率差异无统计学意义(X~2=1.154,P>0.05).留守儿童同伴交往问题评分(2.30±1.86)显著高于非留守儿童(2.09±1.74),差异有统计学意义(t=2.318,P<0.05).父母双方外出留守儿童情绪症状评分(2.76±1.84)、困难总分评分(11.41±4.77)显著高于父/母单方外出者(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.489～-2.006,P<0.05);亲社会行为评分(6.39±2.26)显著低于父/母单方外出者(7.34±2.18),差异有统计学意义(t=4.036,P<0.001).监护人员文化程度为"初中及以上"者,留守儿童亲社会行为评分(7.02±2.21)显著高于"文盲/半文盲"(6.20±2.44)、"小学"(6.42±2.16),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).监护人员为"祖辈"者,留守儿童情绪症状评分(2.77±1.84)、困难总分评分(11.45±4.74)显著高于"父/母亲"为监护人员者(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而亲社会行为评分(6.37±2.25)要低于"父/母亲"为监护人员者(7.34±2.18),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).监护人员照顾留守儿童"非常愿意"者,留守儿童多动注意不能评分(5.02±1.95)、困难总分评分(12.26±4.39)显著高于监护人员照顾留守儿童意愿"愿意"者(4.10±2.02)、(11.06±4.88),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01～0.001).监护人员照顾留守儿童感受"负担很重"者,留守儿童情绪症状评分(3.33±2.19)高于"有能力带"者(2.60±1.72),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多动注意不能评分(5.17 ±1.76)、同伴交往评分(3.87 ±1.96)、困难总分评分(14.70±5.03)均高于"负担重"(4.26±2.03)、(2.63±1.70)、(11.85±4.95);"说不上负担"(4.32±1.88)、(1.87±1.82)、(10.91±4.42);"有能力带"者(4.16±2.16)、(2.20 ±1.86)、(10.86±4.85),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01～0.05);而亲社会行为评分(5.53±1.98)显著低于"有能力带"者(6.81±2.20),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).监护人员照顾留守儿童感受(β=-0.725,P=0.000)及意愿(β=-1.069,P=0.000)影响留守儿童困难问题.结论 父母双方外出留守儿童情绪行为问题更为突出,父母外出时尽量留下一方照顾儿童.提高监护人员素质,有利于留守儿童身心健康发展.
目的 初步探討鑑護人員對農村3～7歲留守兒童情緒行為問題的影響.方法 採用自擬兒童基本情況調查錶、兒童長處和睏難問捲(父母版)對805例農村3～7歲留守兒童進行調查評估.結果 留守兒童睏難問題檢齣率為3.5%,男性為4.1%,女性為2.7%,男女性兒童睏難問題檢齣率差異無統計學意義(X~2=1.154,P>0.05).留守兒童同伴交往問題評分(2.30±1.86)顯著高于非留守兒童(2.09±1.74),差異有統計學意義(t=2.318,P<0.05).父母雙方外齣留守兒童情緒癥狀評分(2.76±1.84)、睏難總分評分(11.41±4.77)顯著高于父/母單方外齣者(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),差異均有統計學意義(t=-2.489～-2.006,P<0.05);親社會行為評分(6.39±2.26)顯著低于父/母單方外齣者(7.34±2.18),差異有統計學意義(t=4.036,P<0.001).鑑護人員文化程度為"初中及以上"者,留守兒童親社會行為評分(7.02±2.21)顯著高于"文盲/半文盲"(6.20±2.44)、"小學"(6.42±2.16),差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01).鑑護人員為"祖輩"者,留守兒童情緒癥狀評分(2.77±1.84)、睏難總分評分(11.45±4.74)顯著高于"父/母親"為鑑護人員者(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05),而親社會行為評分(6.37±2.25)要低于"父/母親"為鑑護人員者(7.34±2.18),差異有統計學意義(P<0.001).鑑護人員照顧留守兒童"非常願意"者,留守兒童多動註意不能評分(5.02±1.95)、睏難總分評分(12.26±4.39)顯著高于鑑護人員照顧留守兒童意願"願意"者(4.10±2.02)、(11.06±4.88),差異有統計學意義(P<0.01～0.001).鑑護人員照顧留守兒童感受"負擔很重"者,留守兒童情緒癥狀評分(3.33±2.19)高于"有能力帶"者(2.60±1.72),差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);多動註意不能評分(5.17 ±1.76)、同伴交往評分(3.87 ±1.96)、睏難總分評分(14.70±5.03)均高于"負擔重"(4.26±2.03)、(2.63±1.70)、(11.85±4.95);"說不上負擔"(4.32±1.88)、(1.87±1.82)、(10.91±4.42);"有能力帶"者(4.16±2.16)、(2.20 ±1.86)、(10.86±4.85),差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01～0.05);而親社會行為評分(5.53±1.98)顯著低于"有能力帶"者(6.81±2.20),差異有統計學意義(P<0.01).鑑護人員照顧留守兒童感受(β=-0.725,P=0.000)及意願(β=-1.069,P=0.000)影響留守兒童睏難問題.結論 父母雙方外齣留守兒童情緒行為問題更為突齣,父母外齣時儘量留下一方照顧兒童.提高鑑護人員素質,有利于留守兒童身心健康髮展.
목적 초보탐토감호인원대농촌3～7세류수인동정서행위문제적영향.방법 채용자의인동기본정황조사표、인동장처화곤난문권(부모판)대805례농촌3～7세류수인동진행조사평고.결과 류수인동곤난문제검출솔위3.5%,남성위4.1%,녀성위2.7%,남녀성인동곤난문제검출솔차이무통계학의의(X~2=1.154,P>0.05).류수인동동반교왕문제평분(2.30±1.86)현저고우비류수인동(2.09±1.74),차이유통계학의의(t=2.318,P<0.05).부모쌍방외출류수인동정서증상평분(2.76±1.84)、곤난총분평분(11.41±4.77)현저고우부/모단방외출자(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),차이균유통계학의의(t=-2.489～-2.006,P<0.05);친사회행위평분(6.39±2.26)현저저우부/모단방외출자(7.34±2.18),차이유통계학의의(t=4.036,P<0.001).감호인원문화정도위"초중급이상"자,류수인동친사회행위평분(7.02±2.21)현저고우"문맹/반문맹"(6.20±2.44)、"소학"(6.42±2.16),차이균유통계학의의(P<0.01).감호인원위"조배"자,류수인동정서증상평분(2.77±1.84)、곤난총분평분(11.45±4.74)현저고우"부/모친"위감호인원자(2.29±1.64)、(10.41±5.18),차이균유통계학의의(P<0.05),이친사회행위평분(6.37±2.25)요저우"부/모친"위감호인원자(7.34±2.18),차이유통계학의의(P<0.001).감호인원조고류수인동"비상원의"자,류수인동다동주의불능평분(5.02±1.95)、곤난총분평분(12.26±4.39)현저고우감호인원조고류수인동의원"원의"자(4.10±2.02)、(11.06±4.88),차이유통계학의의(P<0.01～0.001).감호인원조고류수인동감수"부담흔중"자,류수인동정서증상평분(3.33±2.19)고우"유능력대"자(2.60±1.72),차이유통계학의의(P<0.05);다동주의불능평분(5.17 ±1.76)、동반교왕평분(3.87 ±1.96)、곤난총분평분(14.70±5.03)균고우"부담중"(4.26±2.03)、(2.63±1.70)、(11.85±4.95);"설불상부담"(4.32±1.88)、(1.87±1.82)、(10.91±4.42);"유능력대"자(4.16±2.16)、(2.20 ±1.86)、(10.86±4.85),차이균유통계학의의(P<0.01～0.05);이친사회행위평분(5.53±1.98)현저저우"유능력대"자(6.81±2.20),차이유통계학의의(P<0.01).감호인원조고류수인동감수(β=-0.725,P=0.000)급의원(β=-1.069,P=0.000)영향류수인동곤난문제.결론 부모쌍방외출류수인동정서행위문제경위돌출,부모외출시진량류하일방조고인동.제고감호인원소질,유리우류수인동신심건강발전.
Objective To explore the influences of guardians on emotion and behavior of rural left-behind children aged 3 to 7 years. Methods A self-designed questionnaire of children' s condition and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (the edition for parents, SDQ) were used to investigate 805 left-behind children aged 3 to 7 years in countryside. Results The prevalence of difficulty among left-behind children was 3.5%, in male it was 4.1% and in female 2.7%, the difference was not significant (χ~2 = 1.154, P > 0.05) between male and female. The scores of peer communication problems among associate the left-behind children were (2.30 ± 1.86), which was significantly higher than that (2.09 ± 1.74) of not left-behind children(P <0.05). The score of emotion symptom was (2.76 ± 1.84) and the total score of difficulty was (11.41 ± 4.77) among left-behind children was significantly higher than those of left-behind children with one parent stayed out (2.29 ± 1.64) and (10. 41 ± 5.18), were significantly different (t =-2.489--2.006, P < 0.05), the score of social behavior (6.39 ± 2.26) was significantly lower than that of left-behind children with father or mother stayed out (7.34 ± 2.18, P < 0.001). The score of social behavior of children whose guardians had higher education level (7.02 ± 2.21) was significantly higher than those with guardians who were illiterate or semiliterate (6.20 ±2.44, P < 0.01). Conclusions There are evident problems in emotion and behavior among left-behind children with parents staying out. One of parents should stay home to care for children. To improve educational level of guardian will be beneficial to development of physical and mental health among left-behind children.
