CAJ | 학술논문

通过红壤性水稻土19 a肥料长期定位试验，结果表明，不施磷处理的土壤磷素处于耗竭状态，耕层土壤全磷含量持续下降，但耕层以下土层的全磷尚未耗损；连年施磷的土壤耕层全磷含量提高，提高的幅度呈现明显量级关系。在本试验条件下，土壤中各组分无机磷含量以Fe-P和O-P为主体，各占土壤无机磷总量的44.63％和31.27％；其次是A1-P和Ca10-P，分别占11.87％和8.01％,Ca2-P占3.52％；Ca8-P只有当土壤无机磷达到一定丰度和供磷强度时才存在，对水稻磷素营养的贡献无实际意义。各组分无机磷对水稻的有效性以Ca2-P＞Al-P＞Fe-P＞O-P＞Ca10-P；而对水稻磷素营养的贡献则以Fe-P＞O-P＞Al-P＞Ca2-P＞Ca10-P；长期耗磷或施磷、土壤各组分无机磷减少或增加量的排列顺序与土壤中各组分无机磷相对含量的顺序一致，从而保持红壤性水稻土无机磷组分相对含量的稳定。化学磷肥与有机肥配合施用，可以降低积累态磷转化为O-P和Ca10-P的比率。
통과홍양성수도토19 a비료장기정위시험，결과표명，불시린처리적토양린소처우모갈상태，경층토양전린함량지속하강，단경층이하토층적전린상미모손；련년시린적토양경층전린함량제고，제고적폭도정현명현량급관계。재본시험조건하，토양중각조분무궤린함량이Fe-P화O-P위주체，각점토양무궤린총량적44.63％화31.27％；기차시A1-P화Ca10-P，분별점11.87％화8.01％,Ca2-P점3.52％；Ca8-P지유당토양무궤린체도일정봉도화공린강도시재존재，대수도린소영양적공헌무실제의의。각조분무궤린대수도적유효성이Ca2-P＞Al-P＞Fe-P＞O-P＞Ca10-P；이대수도린소영양적공헌칙이Fe-P＞O-P＞Al-P＞Ca2-P＞Ca10-P；장기모린혹시린、토양각조분무궤린감소혹증가량적배렬순서여토양중각조분무궤린상대함량적순서일치，종이보지홍양성수도토무궤린조분상대함량적은정。화학린비여유궤비배합시용，가이강저적루태린전화위O-P화Ca10-P적비솔。
Based on the long-term fertilizer experiment (19 years) in paddy soil derived from red earth, the methods proposed by Jiang & Gu (1989) are adopted to study the effects of long-term fertilization on the accumulation and loss of the soil phosphorus and on the forms of soil inorganic phosphorus in paddy soil. The results show that the soil total P contents take place greater change,under different fertilizer program. In the treatments of no P application, the contents of total P in surface soil continually decrease,and the amount of P lost are accordant with the biological yield of rice, but P is no less in below surface soil, up to now. While the contents of total P increase in the continual P application treatment, and the amount of P accumulated in the treatments of high application rate of P is higher than that in the treatments of low application rate of P. Fe-P and O-P are the main forms in the inorganic P in soil, accounting for 44.63% and 31.27% of total inorganic P, respectively. The next are A1-P (11.87%) and Ca10-P (8.01L%). And Ca2-P is comparatively Iow. Caa-P exists only when the content of P and the P supplying intensity are high, so it is not significant for the rice P nutrition. The availability of various forms of inorganic P is Ca2-P＞A1-P＞Fe-P＞O-P＞Ca10-P, while the contribution to the rice P nutrition is Fe-P＞O-P＞A1-P＞Ca2-P＞Ca10-P. The amount order of various forms of inorganic P lost or accumulated is accordant with that of the relative contents of various forms of inorganic P, keeping the stable of the relative contents of various forms of inorganic P in paddy soil. In the case of combined application of P with manure, the percentage of accumulative P transforming to O-P and Ca10-P is low.