CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究中国西北地区蚜虫对小麦黄矮病的传毒能力,为西北地区防治小麦黄矮病提供参考依据,常温条件下在温室大棚用盆栽小麦做传毒试验,以接种不同数量有毒蚜的小麦苗作为处理,接无毒蚜的小麦苗作为对照.传毒3 d后,在接种麦苗上喷洒药剂彻底杀死蚜虫,充分发病后观察记录小麦黄矮病的发病情况.结果表明,中国西北地区小麦黄矮病的优势介体是麦二叉蚜,但禾谷缢管蚜的传毒能力比以前有所提高.关中地区禾谷缢管蚜的传毒力高于河西地区禾谷缢管蚜的传毒力;三个地区(关中地区、渭北地区、河西地区)麦二叉蚜的传毒力都较高,差别不明显.三个地区两种麦蚜的成蚜传毒力普遍高于其若蚜的传毒力.
위료연구중국서북지구아충대소맥황왜병적전독능력,위서북지구방치소맥황왜병제공삼고의거,상온조건하재온실대붕용분재소맥주전독시험,이접충불동수량유독아적소맥묘작위처리,접무독아적소맥묘작위대조.전독3 d후,재접충맥묘상분쇄약제철저살사아충,충분발병후관찰기록소맥황왜병적발병정황.결과표명,중국서북지구소맥황왜병적우세개체시맥이차아,단화곡액관아적전독능력비이전유소제고.관중지구화곡액관아적전독력고우하서지구화곡액관아적전독력;삼개지구(관중지구、위북지구、하서지구)맥이차아적전독력도교고,차별불명현.삼개지구량충맥아적성아전독력보편고우기약아적전독력.
Transmission capabilities of BYDV by Schizaphis graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi in northwest China were studied. Under the normal temperature, potted wheat was used for the transmission of BYDV experiment in greenhouse. According to the different inoculated amount, various disposals were designed as one, three, and five adult aphids inoculated in one plant, respectively. Three larvae aphids inoculated in one plant. Each plant inoculated with three aphids was used as check. Three days after inoculation, the aphids in the plants were killed by pesticide. The BYDV infection situations were observed and recorded. The transmission capabilities by Schizaphis graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi were examined. It showed that in northwest China the prominent insect vector of the BYDV was Schizaphis graminum, however, the capability of Rhopalosiphum padi had improved than before. The transmission capability of Rhopalosiphum padi in Guanzhong area was stronger than that in Hexi area. The transmission capabilities of these two adult aphids in three areas examined were higher than that of their larvae. In northwest area, although the difference between the transmission capabilities of these two aphids were not prominent, they had higher capabilities and might present the variation possibility. This would bring more difficulties for preventing and controling the BYDV.