CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨老年住院患者的临床输血及输血相容性检测的注意事项,分析老年住院患者的临床用血问题,预防或减少输血不良反应的发生,以期达到临床用血安全与有效.方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2011年12月在我院接受治疗的60岁以上老年患者的临床输血资料及我院老年患者择期手术预储式自体输血资料.结果共收集老年输血患者临床资料3549例,异体输血23877例次,出现输血不良反应84例次,均为发热或过敏反应;输注新鲜冰冻血浆时不良反应发生率最高,为0.55％;未见溶血反应的发生;预储式自身输血患者无输血不良反应发生.结论医疗机构应设定科学合理的用血原则,选择适宜的血液成分,减少老年患者输血不良反应的发生;同时应积极开展老年患者的自体输血工作,以杜绝抗原、抗体免疫所致的溶血、发热、过敏反应,减少经血液传播疾病的风险,节约人类稀缺资源——血液.
목적 탐토노년주원환자적림상수혈급수혈상용성검측적주의사항,분석노년주원환자적림상용혈문제,예방혹감소수혈불량반응적발생,이기체도림상용혈안전여유효.방법 회고성분석2009년1월지2011년12월재아원접수치료적60세이상노년환자적림상수혈자료급아원노년환자택기수술예저식자체수혈자료.결과 공수집노년수혈환자림상자료3549례,이체수혈23877례차,출현수혈불량반응84례차,균위발열혹과민반응;수주신선빙동혈장시불량반응발생솔최고,위0.55％;미견용혈반응적발생;예저식자신수혈환자무수혈불량반응발생.결론 의료궤구응설정과학합리적용혈원칙,선택괄의적혈액성분,감소노년환자수혈불량반응적발생;동시응적겁개전노년환자적자체수혈공작,이두절항원、항체면역소치적용혈、발열、과민반응,감소경혈액전파질병적풍험,절약인류희결자원——혈액.
Objective To analyze the safety of blood transfusion in hospitalized senile patients,and to prevent or reduce adverse transfusion reactions. Methods The blood transfusion information of patients over the age of 60 years in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2011 were retrospective analyzed. The data of pre-storage type of autologous blood transfusion for elective surgery were also discussed. Results Among 3549 cases of elderly patients,there were totally 23877 times of allogeneic transfusion and 84 cases with blood transfusion adverse reactions of heating or allergic reactions.The adverse reaction rates occured most in the infusion of fresh frozen plasma (0.55％).There was no hemolytic reaction,and transfusion adverse reactions occarred during stored blood autotransfusion. Conclusions Medical institutions should set the scientific and rational principle of blood use and select the appropriate blood components to reduce transfusion adverse events in the elderly patients. The autologous blood transfusion in the elderly patients should be actively pursued.